Malik bin Aws bin Hadathan reported,

Malik bin Aws bin Hadathan reported, "While I was sitting with my family as the day grew long, a messenger from Umar bin Khattab came to me and said, 'Answer the call of the Commander of the Believers.' I went with him until I was admitted into Umar's presence. There he was, seated on a bare frame of a bed with no bedding between himself and it, leaning on a leather cushion. I greeted him and sat down.He said, 'Mal, some families from your people have come to us, and I have ordered a small allotment for them. Take it and divide it among them.'I said, 'Commander of the Believers, would that you had assigned this to someone other than me.'He said, 'Take it, my good man.'While I was sitting with him, his chamberlain Yarfa came to him and said, 'Will you receive Uthman, Abdul-Rahman bin Awf, Zubayr, and Saad bin Abu Waqqas? They seek permission to enter.'He said, 'Yes,' and granted them permission. They entered, greeted him, and sat down. Then Yarfa sat for a moment, then said, 'Will you receive Ali and Abbas?'He said, 'Yes,' and granted them permission. They entered, greeted him, and sat down.Abbas said, 'Commander of the Believers, judge between me and this man.' The two were disputing over what Allah had granted as spoils to His Messenger ﷺ from the property of Banu Nadir.The group, Uthman and his companions, said, 'Commander of the Believers, judge between them and relieve each of the other.'Umar said, 'Wait. I adjure you by Allah, by whose permission the heaven and the earth stand firm, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "We are not inherited from. Whatever we leave behind is charity," meaning the Messenger of Allah ﷺ himself?'The group said, 'He did say that.'Then Umar turned to Ali and Abbas and said, 'I adjure you both by Allah, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that?'They said, 'He did say that.'Umar said, 'Then let me tell you about this matter. Allah singled out His Messenger ﷺ in this fay with something He gave to no one else.' Then he recited, "And what Allah restored to His Messenger from them, you did not spur for it any horses or camels, but Allah gives His messengers power over whomever He wills, and Allah is over all things competent" [Hashr 59:6]. 'So this was exclusively for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. By Allah, he did not seize it for himself instead of you, nor did he prefer himself over you with it. He gave it to you and distributed it among you, until this property remained from it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would spend on his family their yearly maintenance from this property, then take what remained and place it where the wealth of Allah is placed. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ acted thus throughout his life. I adjure you by Allah, do you know this?'They said, 'Yes.'Then he said to Ali and Abbas, 'I adjure you both by Allah, do you know this?'Umar continued, 'Then Allah took His Prophet ﷺ. Abu Bakr said, "I am the successor of the Messenger of Allah." Abu Bakr took possession of it and managed it as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had managed it, and Allah knows that he was truthful, righteous, rightly-guided, and a follower of the truth in his handling of it. Then Allah took Abu Bakr, and I became the successor of Abu Bakr. I held it for two years of my rule, managing it as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had managed it and as Abu Bakr had managed it, and Allah knows that I am truthful, righteous, rightly-guided, and a follower of the truth in my handling of it.Then the two of you came to me speaking, your speech being one and your matter being one. You came, Abbas, asking me for your share from your nephew, and this one came,' meaning Ali, 'seeking the share of his wife from her father. I said to you both, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'We are not inherited from. Whatever we leave behind is charity.'" Then when it seemed proper to me to hand it over to you, I said, "If you wish, I will hand it over to you on the condition that you have a covenant and pledge with Allah that you will manage it as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ managed it, as Abu Bakr managed it, and as I have managed it since I took charge of it." You both said, "Hand it over to us." On that basis I handed it over to you. I adjure you by Allah, did I hand it over to them on that basis?'The group said, 'Yes.'Then he turned to Ali and Abbas and said, 'I adjure you both by Allah, did I hand it over to you on that basis?'They said, 'Yes.'He said, 'Are you seeking from me a judgment other than that? By Allah, by whose permission the heaven and the earth stand firm, I will not render any judgment in it other than that. If you are unable to manage it, hand it back to me, and I will take care of it for you.'"

عن مالك بن أوس بن الحدثان، قال

بينا أنا جالس في أهلي حين متع النهار، إذا رسول عمر بن الخطاب يأتيني، فقال: أجب أمير المؤمنين، فانطلقت معه حتى أدخل على عمر، فإذا هو جالس على رمال سرير، ليس بينه وبينه، فراش متكئ على وسادة من أدم فسلمت عليه ثم جلست، فقال: يا مال، إنه قدم علينا من قومك أهل أبيات، وقد أمرت فيهم برضخ، فاقبضه فاقسمه بينهم، فقلت: يا أمير المؤمنين لو أمرت به غيري، قال: اقبضه أيها المرء، فبينا أنا جالس عنده أتاه حاجبه يرفأ، فقال: هل لك في عثمان وعبد الرحمن بن عوف والزبير وسعد بن أبي وقاص يستأذنون؟ قال: نعم، فأذن لهم فدخلوا فسلموا وجلسوا، ثم جلس يرفا يسيرا، ثم قال: هل لك في علي وعباس؟ قال: نعم، فأذن لهما فدخلا فسلما فجلسا، فقال عباس: يا أمير المؤمنين اقض بيني وبين هذا، وهما يختصمان فيما أفاء الله على رسوله ﷺ من مال بني النضير، فقال الرهط، عثمان وأصحابه: يا أمير المؤمنين اقض بينهما، وأرح أحدهما من الآخر، قال عمر: تيدكم، أنشدكم بالله الذي بإذنه تقوم السماء والأرض، هل تعلمون أن رسول الله ﷺ: قال: لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة. يريد رسول الله ﷺ نفسه؟ قال الرهط: قد قال ذلك، فأقبل عمر على علي وعباس، فقال: أنشدكما الله، أتعلمان أن رسول الله ﷺ قد قال ذلك؟ قالا: قد قال ذلك، قال عمر: فإني أحدثكم عن هذا الأمر، إن الله قد خص رسوله ﷺ في هذا الفيء بشيء لم يعطه أحدا غيره، ثم قرأ: {وما أفاء الله على رسوله منهم فما أوجفتم عليه من خيل ولا ركاب ولكن الله يسلط رسله على من يشاء والله على كل شيء قدير} [الحشر: ٦] فكانت هذه خالصة لرسول الله ﷺ، والله ما احتازها دونكم، ولا استأثر بها عليكم، قد أعطاكموها وبثها فيكم، حتى بقي منها هذا المال، فكان رسول الله ﷺ ينفق على أهله نفقة سنتهم من هذا المال، ثم يأخذ ما بقي فيجعله مجعل مال الله، فعمل رسول الله ﷺ بذلك حياته، أنشدكم بالله هل تعلمون ذلك؟ قالوا: نعم، ثم قال لعلي وعباس: أنشدكم بالله هل تعلمان ذلك؟ قال عمر: ثم توفى الله نبيه ﷺ، فقال أبو بكر: أنا ولي رسول الله، فقبضها أبو بكر، فعمل فيها بما عمل رسول الله ﷺ، والله يعلم: إنه فيها لصادق بار راشد تابع للحق، ثم توفى الله أبا بكر، فكنت أنا ولي أبي بكر، فقبضتها سنتين من إمارتي، أعمل فيها بما عمل رسول الله ﷺ وما عمل فيها أبو بكر، والله يعلم: إني فيها لصادق بار راشد تابع للحق، ثم جئتماني تكلماني، وكلمتكما واحدة وأمركما واحد، جئتني يا عباس تسألني نصيبك من ابن أخيك، وجاءني هذا- يريد عليا- يريد نصيب امرأته من أبيها، فقلت لكما: إن رسول الله ﷺ قال: لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة فلما بدا لي أن أدفعه إليكما، قلت: إن شئتما دفعتهما إليكما، على أن عليكما عهد الله وميثاقه: لتعملان فيها بما عمل فيها رسول الله ﷺ، وبما عمل فيها أبو بكر، وبما عملت فيها منذ وليتها، فقلتما: ادفعها إلينا، فبذلك دفعتها إليكما، فأنشدكم بالله هل دفعتها إليهما بذلك؟ قال الرهط: نعم، ثم أقبل على علي وعباس، فقال: أنشدكما بالله هل دفعتها إليكما بذلك؟ قالا: نعم، قال: قضاء غير ذلك، فوالله الذي بإذنه تقوم السماء والأرض فتلتمسان مني لا أقضي فيها قضاء غير ذلك، فإن عجزتما عنها فادفعاها إلي، فإني أكفيكماها.