Umar bin Khattab reported,

On the day of Badr, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ looked at the idolaters, who numbered a thousand, while his companions were three hundred and nineteen men. The Prophet of Allah ﷺ turned toward the qibla, stretched out his hands, and began calling upon his Lord, "Allah, fulfill for me what You promised me. Allah, grant me what You promised me. Allah, if this band of the people of Islam perishes, You will not be worshipped on earth."He kept calling upon his Lord, his hands stretched out, facing the qibla, until his cloak slipped from his shoulders. Abu Bakr came to him, picked up the cloak, placed it back on his shoulders, then held him from behind and said, "Prophet of Allah, that is enough of your appeals to your Lord. He will surely fulfill for you what He promised you."Then Allah revealed, "When you sought help from your Lord and He answered you, 'I am reinforcing you with a thousand angels in succession'" [Anfal 8:9]. So Allah reinforced him with the angels.Abu Zumayl said that Ibn Abbas told him, "That day, while a Muslim man was chasing hard after an idolater who was ahead of him, he heard the crack of a whip above him and the voice of a horseman saying, 'Forward, Hayzum!' He looked at the idolater in front of him and saw him fall flat on his back. When he examined him, he found that his nose had been split and his face slashed as if by the lash of a whip, and the whole wound had turned green. The Ansari came and reported this to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who said, 'You have spoken the truth. That was reinforcement from the third heaven.' That day they killed seventy and captured seventy."Abu Zumayl said that Ibn Abbas said, "When they had taken the captives, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked Abu Bakr and Umar, 'What do you think should be done with these prisoners?'Abu Bakr said, "Prophet of Allah, they are our cousins and our kin. I think you should accept a fidya from them, so that it becomes a source of strength for us against the disbelievers. Perhaps Allah will guide them to Islam."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then asked, "And what do you think, son of Khattab?"Umar said, "I said, 'No, by Allah, Messenger of Allah, I do not share the view of Abu Bakr. I think you should hand them over to us so we may strike off their necks. Give Ali charge of Aqeel so he may strike off his neck, and give me charge of so-and-so,'" a relative of Umar, "'so I may strike off his neck. These men are the leaders of disbelief and its champions.'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ inclined toward what Abu Bakr had said and not toward what I said. The next day I came and found the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr sitting and weeping.I said, "Messenger of Allah, tell me, what are you and your companion weeping about? If I find cause for tears I will weep, and if I find none I will force myself to weep along with your weeping."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I weep for what your companions offered me, taking the ransom. Their punishment was shown to me, closer than this tree," a tree near the Prophet of Allah ﷺ.Then Allah revealed, "It is not for a prophet to have captives until he has thoroughly subdued the land" up to His words, "so eat of what you have gained as spoils, lawful and good" [Anfal 8:67–69]. So Allah made the spoils lawful for them.

عن عمر بن الخطاب قال

لما كان يوم بدر نظر رسول الله ﷺ إلى المشركين وهم ألف، وأصحابه ثلاثمائة وتسعة عشر رجلا، فاستقبل نبي الله ﷺ القبلة، ثم مد يديه فجعل يهتف بربه اللهم! أنجز لي ما وعدتني، اللهم! آت ما وعدتني اللهم! إن تهلك هذه العصابة من أهل الإسلام لا تعبد في الأرض فمازال يهتف بربه، مادا يديه، مستقبل القبلة، حتى سقط رداؤه عن منكبيه، فأتاه أبو بكر، فأخذ رداءه فألقاه على منكبيه، ثم التزمه من ورائه، وقال: يا نبي الله! كفاك مناشدتك ربك فإنه سينجز لك ما وعدك، فأنزل الله عز وجل: {إذ تستغيثون ربكم فاستجاب لكم أني ممدكم بألف من الملئكة مردفين} [سورة الأنفال: ٩] فأمده الله بالملائكة. قال أبو زميل: فحدثني ابن عباس قال: بينما رجل من المسلمين يومئذ يشتد في أثر رجل من المشركين أمامه، إذ سمع ضربة بالسوط فوقه، وصوت الفارس يقول: أقدم حيزوم، فنظر إلى المشرك أمامه فخر مستلقيا، فنظر إليه فإذا هو قد خطم أنفه، وشق وجهه كضربة السوط. فاخضر ذلك أجمع، فجاء الأنصاري، فحدث بذلك رسول الله ﷺ فقال: صدقت ذلك من مدد السماء الثالثة. فقتلوا يومئذ سبعين وأسروا سبعين. قال أبو زميل: قال ابن عباس: فلما أسروا الأساري قال رسول الله ﷺ لأبي بكر وعمر ما ترون في هؤلاء الأسارى؟ فقال أبو بكر: يا نبي الله! هم بنو العم والعشيرة. أرى أن أخذ منهم فدية فتكون لنا قوة على الكفار. فعسى الله أن يهديهم للإسلام. فقال رسول الله ﷺ: ما تري يا ابن الخطاب؟ قلت لا والله يا رسول الله! ما أرى الذي رأى أبو. بكر. ولكني أرى أن تمكنا فنضرب أعناقهم، فتمكن عليا من عقيل فيضرب عنقه، وتمكني من فلان (نسيبا لعمر) فأضرب عنقه، فإن هؤلاء أئمة الكفر وصناديدها، فهوى رسول الله ﷺ ما قال أبو بكر ولم يهو ما قلت. فلما كان من الغد جئت فإذا رسول الله ﷺ وأبو بكر قاعدين يبكيان. قلت يا رسول الله! أخبرني من أي شيء تبكي أنت وصاحبك؟ فإن وجدت بكاء بكيت وإن لم أجد بكاءا تباكيت لبكائكما، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: أبكي للذي عرض علي أصحابك من أخذهم الفداء، لقد عرض علي عذابهم أدنى من هذه الشجرة (شجرة قريبة من نبي الله ﷺ) وأنزل الله عز وجل: {ما كان لنبي أن يكون له أسرى حتى يثخن في الأرض} إلى قوله: {فكلوا ما غنمتم حللا طيبا} [الأنفال: ٦٧-٦٩] فأحل الله لا الغنيمة لهم.