When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ left Mecca, accompanied by Abu Bakr, Abu Bakr's freedman Amir bin Fuhayrah, and their guide from the Banu Layth, Abdullah bin Urayqit, they passed by the tents of Umm Mabad al-Khuzaiyyah. She was a strong, hardy woman who would sit wrapped in her garment in the courtyard of her tent, giving water and food to passersby. They asked her if she had any meat or dates to sell them, but she had nothing of the sort, and the travelers were destitute and weary.The Messenger of Allah ﷺ looked at a sheep in the corner of the tent and said, "What is this sheep, Umm Mabad?"She said, "A sheep too weak to go out with the rest of the flock."He asked, "Does she have any milk?"She replied, "She is too exhausted for that."He said, "Will you allow me to milk her?"She said, "May my father and mother be ransomed for you. If you see any milk in her, then milk her."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called for the sheep, wiped her udder with his hand, mentioned the name of Allah , and prayed for blessing in her sheep. The sheep spread her legs for him, her milk flowed, and she began to chew her cud. He called for a vessel large enough to satisfy a group of people and milked into it abundantly until the foam rose on top. He gave Umm Mabad to drink until she was satisfied, then gave his companions to drink until they too were satisfied, and he himself drank last of all. Then he milked into the vessel a second time until it was full, left it with her, took her pledge of allegiance, and they departed.Not long after, her husband Abu Mabad arrived, driving lean goats that staggered from emaciation, with little marrow left in them. When Abu Mabad saw the milk, he was amazed and said, "Where did this come from, Umm Mabad? The sheep are away grazing and pregnant, and there is no milking animal in the house."She said, "By Allah, no, except that a blessed man passed by us, whose state was such and such."He said, "Describe him to me, Umm Mabad."She said, "I saw a man of striking radiance, with a bright face and fine build. He was not marred by a protruding belly, nor diminished by a small head. He was handsome and graceful. His eyes had a deep blackness, his lashes were long, his voice carried a slight hoarseness, his neck was long, and his beard was full. His eyebrows were finely arched and joined. When he was silent, dignity covered him, and when he spoke, splendor rose upon him and overcame him. He was the most beautiful and impressive of people from afar, and the most handsome and pleasing from up close. His speech was sweet, clear and distinct, neither too brief nor too rambling, as though his words were pearls cascading down. He was of medium height, neither too tall to be conspicuous nor too short to be overlooked, like a branch between two others, the most flourishing in appearance of the three and the most honored in stature. He had companions who surrounded him. When he spoke, they listened attentively to his words, and when he commanded, they hastened to obey. He was served and attended, neither stern nor idle in talk."Abu Mabad said, "By Allah, that is the man of Quraysh whose affair was mentioned to us in Mecca. I have wanted to accompany him, and I shall do so if I find a way."Then a loud voice was heard in Mecca. People could hear the voice but did not know its source. It was saying:May Allah, Lord of mankind, reward with the best of rewards
the two companions who alighted at the tents of Umm Mabad.
They came down to her with guidance, and through them she was guided.
Whoever becomes a companion of Muhammad has triumphed.
O Banu Qusayy, what has Allah turned away from you through him,
of deeds beyond recompense and of mastery!
May the Banu Kaab rejoice in the standing of their young woman
and her seat, a vantage point for the believers.
Ask your sister about her sheep and her vessel,
for if you ask the sheep, she will bear witness.
He called for a barren ewe, and she gave milk freely to him,
the udder of the sheep yielding abundance.
He left her as a pledge with her, for the milker
to keep returning her between morning and evening drinking.When Hassan bin Thabit al-Ansari, the poet of the Prophet ﷺ, heard this, he composed verses in response to the unseen voice and said:The people from whom their Prophet departed have failed,
and blessed is the one to whom he travels and who ransoms him.
He left a people whose minds were misguided,
and settled among a people with renewed light.
Their Lord guided them through him after misguidance,
and whoever follows the truth is led aright by the one who follows it.
Are those astray, who acted foolishly in blindness, equal
to those rightly guided who follow a guide?
There descended upon the people of Yathrib through him
mounts of guidance that alighted upon them with the greatest fortune,
A Prophet who sees what those around him do not see,
and who recites the Book of Allah in every gathering.
If he speaks one day of something unseen,
his statement is confirmed that day or by the morrow's morning.
May Abu Bakr rejoice in the good fortune of his lineage
through his companionship. Whomever Allah blesses, is blessed indeed.
May the Banu Kaab rejoice in the standing of their young woman
and her seat, a vantage point for the believers.
حين خرج رسول الله ﷺ من مكة وأبو بكر ومولى أبو بكر عامر بن فهيرة ودليلهما الليثي عبد الله بن أريقط مروا على خيمتي أم معبد الخزاعية، وكان برزة جلدة، تحتبي بفناء القبة، ثم تسقي وتطعم، فسألوها لحما وتمرا ليشتروه منها، فلم يصيبوا عندها شيئا من ذلك، وكان القوم مرملين مستنتين، فنظر رسول الله ﷺ إلى شاة في كسر الخيمة، فقال: ما هذه الشاة يا أم معبد؟ قالت: شاة خلفها الجهد عن الغنم، قال: هل بها من لبن؟ قالت: هي أجهد من ذلك، قال: أتأذنين لي أن أحلبها؟ قالت: بأبي أنت وأمي إن رأيت بها حلبا، فاحلبها، فدعا رسول الله ﷺ فمسح بيده ضرعها وسمى الله تبارك وتعالى ودعا لها في شاتها، فتفاجت عليه ودرت واجترت ودعا بإناء يربض الرهط، فحلب فيه ثجا حتى علاه البهاء، ثم سقاها حتى رويت، فسقى أصحابه حتى رووا، فشرب آخرهم وأراضوا، ثم حلب فيه ثانيا بعد بدء حتى ملأ الإناء، ثم غادره عندها، ثم بايعها وارتحلوا عنها، فقل ما لبث حتى جاء زوجها أبو معبد يسوق أعنزا عجافا وكان يتساوكن هزلا ضحى مخهن قليل، فلما رأى أبو معبد اللبن عجب، وقال: من أين لك هذا يا أم معبد والشاء عازب حبلى ولا حلوب في البيت؟ قالت: لا والله إلا أنه مر بنا رجل مبارك من حاله كذا وكذا، قال: صفيه لي يا أم معبد، قالت: رأيت رجلا ظاهر الوضاءة أبلج الوجه، حسن الخلق لم يعبه ثجله، ولم تزريه صعلة، وسيما، قسيما في عينه دعج، وفي أشفاره غطف، وفي صوته صهل، وفي عنقه سطع، وفي لحيته كثاثة، أزج، أقرن، إن صمت فعليه الوقار، وإن تكلم سماه وعلاه البهاء، أجمل الناس وأبهاه من بعيد، وأحسنه وأجمله من قريب حلو المنطق، فضل، لا نزر ولا هذر كأن منطقه نظم يتحدرن ربعته لا باين من طول ولا تقحمه عيق من قصر، غصن بين اثنين، فهو أنضر الثلاثة منظرا وأحسنهم قدرا، له رفقاء يحفون به إن قال أنصتوا لقوله، وإن أمر تبادروا إلى أمره، محفود محشود، لا عابس ولا مفند. قال أبو معبد: هو والله صاحب قريش الذي ذكر لنا من أمره ما ذكر بمكة، ولقد شئت أن أصبحه ولأفعلن إن وجدت إلى ذلك سبيلا، فأصبح صوت بمكة عاليا يسمعون الصوت ولا يدرون من صاحبه وهو يقول: جزى الله رب الناس خير جزائه رفيقين قالا خيمتي أم معبد هما نزلاها بالهدي فاهتدت به فقد فاز من أمسى رفيق محمد فيالقصي مازوى الله عنكم به من فعال لا تجازي وسؤدد ليهن بني كعب مقام فتاتهم ومقعدها للمؤمنين بمرصد سلوا أختكم عن شاتها وإنائها فإنكم إن تسألوا الشاة تشهد دعاها بشاة حائل فتحلبت عليه صريحا ضرة الشاة مزيد فغادرها رهنا لديها لحالب يرددها في مصدر ثم مورد ولما سمع بذلك حسان بن ثابت الأنصاري شاعر النبي ﷺ شبب يجاوب الهاتف فقال: لقد خاب قوم زال عنهم نبيهم وقدس من يسري إليهم ويفتدي ترحل عن قوم فضلت عقولهم وحل على قوم بنور مجدد هداهم به بعد الضلالة ربهم وأرشدهم من يتبع الحق يرشد وهل يستوي ضلال قوم تسفهوا عمى، وهداة يهتدون بمهتد وقد نزلت منه على أهل يثرب ركاب هدى حلت عليهم بأسعد نبي يرى ما لا يرى الناس حوله ويتلو كتاب الله في كل مشهد وإن قال في يوم مقالة غائب فت صديقها في اليوم أو في ضحى الغد ليهن أبا بكر سعادة جده بصحبته من يسعد الله يسعد ليهن بني كعب مقام فتاتهم ومقعدها للمؤمنين بمرصد.
No references are available.
Baghawi related it in Mujam Sahaba in the biography of Hubaysh bin Khalid Khuzai, and likewise Bayhaqi in Dalail (1/277), and Ibn Abdul-Barr in Istiab in the biography of Hubaysh bin Khalid, and likewise Tabarani in Kabir (4/48), and Hakim in Mustadrak (3/9), and likewise Ibn Shahin, Ibn Sakan, and Ibn Manda, as Hafiz stated in Isabah in the biography of Hubaysh. All of them related it through various routes from Hubaysh bin Khalid. The wording given here is Baghawi's, while others differ somewhat in some of its wordings. Dhahabi mentioned some of these differences in Sirah Nabawiyyah, pp. 437-439, then fell silent. Hakim said, "Sahih in isnad," and went into detail defending its sahih status.Hafiz Ibn Kathir said in Bidayah wal-Nihayah (4/472), "Its story is well known and has been related through routes that corroborate one another," then he mentioned two supporting narrations for it, one from Jabir, and another from Abdul-Rahman bin Abu Layla from Abu Bakr.As for the hadith of Jabir, Bazzar related it in Kashf Astar (1742) from Muhammad bin Muamar, who said, Yaqub bin Muhammad told us, Abdul-Rahman bin Uqbah bin Abdul-Rahman bin Jabir bin Abdullah told us, my father told us, from his father, from Jabir, who said, "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr set out as emigrants and entered the cave, there was a hole in the cave, so Abu Bakr plugged it with his heel until morning, fearing that something might come out of it onto the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. They stayed in the cave three nights, then set out, until they stopped at the tents of Umm Mabad. Umm Mabad sent word to him, 'I see fine faces, and the tribe is better able to show you hospitality than I am.' When evening came upon them at her place, she sent with her young son a knife and a sheep. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Take back the knife and bring me a farq,' meaning the milking vessel. She sent back word that it had no milk and no young. He said, 'Bring me a farq.' So he brought a farq, and the Prophet stroked its back, and it began to chew its cud and its milk flowed, so he milked it and filled the vessel, and he drank and gave Abu Bakr to drink, then he milked again and sent it to Umm Mabad."Then Bazzar said, "We do not know of it being related except through this isnad, and we do not know of anyone who related from Abdul-Rahman bin Uqbah except Yaqub bin Muhammad, even though he is known in terms of lineage." His statement indicates that Abdul-Rahman bin Uqbah is of unknown status.As for the hadith of Abdul-Rahman bin Abu Layla, Bayhaqi related it in Dalail (2/491-492) through two routes from Yahya bin Zakariya bin Abu Zaida, who said, Muhammad bin Abdul-Rahman bin Abu Layla told us, who said, Abdul-Rahman bin Asbahani told us, who said, I heard Abdul-Rahman bin Abu Layla relating from Abu Bakr Siddiq, who said, "I went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from Makkah, and we came to a settlement of one of the Arab tribes. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ looked toward a tent set apart, and headed toward it. When we stopped there, we found no one but a woman, who said, 'O servant of Allah, I am only a woman and there is no one with me. You should go to the chief of the tribe if you want hospitality.' He did not answer her, and that was toward evening. Then her son came driving some goats, and she said, 'O my son, take this goat and the knife to these two men and tell them, my mother says to you, slaughter this and eat and feed us.'"When he came, the Prophet ﷺ said to him, 'Take back the knife and bring me the vessel.' He said, 'It has gone dry and has no milk.' He said, 'Go.' So he brought a vessel, and the Prophet ﷺ stroked its udder, then milked until he filled the vessel, then said, 'Take it to your mother.' She drank until she was satisfied, then he brought it back, and the Prophet said, 'Take this and bring me another.' He did the same with it, then he gave Abu Bakr to drink, then he brought another and he did the same with it, then the Prophet ﷺ drank. We spent our night there, then we set out. She used to call him the Blessed One, and her flock increased until she drove a large herd to Madinah."Abu Bakr passed by, and her son saw him and recognized him, and said, 'O my mother, this is the man who was with the Blessed One.' She got up to him and said, 'O servant of Allah, who was the man who was with you?' He said, 'Do you not know who he is?' She said, 'No.' He said, 'He is the Prophet of Allah.' She said, 'Then take me to him.'" He said, "So he brought her in, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fed her and gave her something."Ibn Abdan added in his version, "She said, 'Then show me the way to him.' So she went with me, and she presented to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ some dried curd and items of the Bedouin." He said, "So he clothed her and gave her something." He said, "I do not know it except that he also said, 'And she became Muslim.'"Bayhaqi said, "This story, although it falls short of what we related in the story of Umm Mabad in some respects and exceeds it in others, is close to it, and it seems likely that the two are one and the same. Muhammad bin Ishaq bin Yasar mentioned something from the story of Umm Mabad that indicates that this and that are one and the same. And Allah knows best."Ibn Kathir said in Bidayah wal-Nihayah (2/475), "It appears that it is indeed the same story," and he said, "Its isnad is hasan."I say, however, there is a break in it, in that Ibn Abu Layla did not meet Abu Bakr Siddiq. What follows this path does not fall below the level of hasan according to most scholars, especially since the fame and wide circulation of this story among the scholars of biography indicate that it has a basis.Ibn Kathir transmitted from Abu Naeem and others that Abu Mabad became Muslim and emigrated to the Prophet ﷺ, and likewise Umm Mabad emigrated, became Muslim, and joined the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Umm Mabad's name was Atikah bint Khalid, and she was the sister of Hubaysh bin Khalid, the companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who was slain at Bat-ha on the day of the conquest.Explanation of unusual expressions, "and the group would settle down heavily" means it would satisfy them until they became heavy and settled down, and a rahat is a group of three to ten. "Thajj" means a flowing stream. "Baha" is the whiteness of the froth of milk, "so they drank until they were satisfied," that is, they had their fill, as it comes in some of its transmissions. "Tasawakna" means they swayed from weakness, and it is also transmitted as "tasharakna," meaning that emaciation had overtaken all of them equally. "Al-shau azib" means the flock is far off in the pasture. "Ablaj al-wajh" means a radiant, shining face. "Al-thajlah" means largeness of the belly with slackness of its lower part. "Al-saalah" means smallness of the head, and it is also transmitted as "saqlah," which means slenderness and leanness, and "al-saql" is the part where the ribs end at the flank. "Al-wasim" means renowned for handsomeness, as though handsomeness had become his distinguishing mark. "Al-qasim" means having a well-proportioned, handsome face. "Al-watf" means tallness. "Al-sahl" refers to something like hoarseness. "Al-sata" means length of the neck. "No eye disdains him for shortness" means no one looks down on him for shortness and turns away to another, but rather holds him in awe and accepts him. "Al-mahfud" means one who is served. "Al-mahshud" means one around whom people gather.