Azami 8533

This was narrated by Hakim (3/182), and from him by Bayhaqi in Sunan al-Kubra (6/118), from the hadith of Hammad and Rabi bin Badr, from Abu Zubayr, from Jabir, and he related it. Hakim said, sahih in its chain of transmission.Ibn Ishaq said in his Sirah, paragraph number (58), "Khadijah bint Khuwaylid was a merchant woman, of noble standing and wealth, who would hire men to work with her money, giving them a share of the profit in partnership. Quraysh were a people of trade. When news reached her of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, of the truthfulness of his speech, the greatness of his trustworthiness, and the nobility of his character, she sent for him and proposed that he go out with her wealth as a trader to Syria, offering him a better share than she gave to any other trader, along with a young servant of hers named Maysara. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ accepted her offer, and set out with that wealth of hers, accompanied by her servant Maysara, until he reached Syria. There the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stopped in the shade of a tree near the cell of a monk. The monk looked over at Maysara and said, 'Who is this man who has stopped beneath this tree?' Maysara told him, 'He is a man of Quraysh, from the people of the Sanctuary.' The monk said, 'No one has ever stopped beneath this tree except a prophet.'Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sold the goods he had brought and bought what he wished to buy, then set out returning to Makkah with Maysara accompanying him. Maysara used to claim that whenever the midday heat grew intense, two angels would shade him from the sun as he rode on his camel.When he arrived in Makkah with Khadijah's wealth, she sold what he had brought and made double the profit or close to it. Maysara told her about what the monk had said, and about what he had seen of the two angels shading him. Khadijah was a resolute, noble, and intelligent woman, and given what Allah, the Exalted, intended for her by way of honor, when Maysara informed her of what he told her, she sent word to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and, as they claim, said to him, 'Cousin, I am drawn to you because of your kinship with me, your standing among your people, your position of trust among them, your trustworthiness in their eyes, the goodness of your character, and the truthfulness of your speech.' Then she offered herself to him in marriage.Khadijah was at that time the most noble of Quraysh in lineage, the greatest of them in standing, and the wealthiest of them, and every one of her people who could manage it was eager to marry her. She was Khadijah bint Khuwaylid bin Asad bin Abdul-Uzza bin Qusayy bin Kilab."Bayhaqi also related it in Dalail (2/66–67), from Yunus bin Bukayr, from Ibn Ishaq, relating it in mursal form.Likewise, what Ibn Saad related in his Tabaqat (1/129) and Bayhaqi in Dalail (1/219), both from Muhammad bin Umar Waqidi, who said, Musa bin Shayba told us, from Umayra bint Abdullah bin Kaab bin Malik, from Umm Saad bin Rabi, from Nafisa bint Umaya, sister of Yaala, who said she heard her say, is not sound. She said, "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ reached the age of twenty-five, and he was known in Makkah as nothing but 'the Trustworthy' because of the qualities of goodness that had come together fully in him, Abu Talib said to him, 'Nephew, I am a man without wealth, and times have grown hard on us, and harsh years have come upon us one after another, and we have neither resources nor trade. Now this caravan of your people is about to set out for Syria, and Khadijah bint Khuwaylid sends men of your people out with her caravans to trade for her and gain benefit. If you were to go to her and offer yourself to her, she would readily take you and prefer you over others, because of what has reached her of your purity. I would hate for you to travel to Syria, and I fear the Jews for you, but we find no way around it.'Khadijah was a merchant woman of noble standing, great wealth, and trade, who sent her goods to Syria, and her caravan was like the general caravans of Quraysh. She used to hire a man and give him money on a profit-sharing basis. Quraysh were a trading people, and whoever was not a trader was of no standing among them.The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Perhaps she will send for me regarding this.' Abu Talib said, 'I fear she may choose someone else, and you would then be seeking something already settled.' So they parted. Then news reached Khadijah of the conversation between his uncle and him, in addition to what had already reached her of the truthfulness of his speech, the greatness of his trustworthiness, and the nobility of his character. She said, 'I did not know he wanted this.' Then she sent to him, saying, 'He has invited me to send to you because of what has reached me of your speech, your great trustworthiness, and the nobility of your character, and I will give you double what I give any man of your people.'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did so, and met Abu Talib and told him of it. Abu Talib said, 'This is indeed provision that Allah has driven your way.' So he set out with her servant Maysara until he reached Syria, with his uncles instructing the people of the caravan to look after him, until he reached Syria. They stopped in the market of Busra, in the shade of a tree, near the cell of a monk called Nastura. The monk looked over at Maysara, whom he knew, and said, 'Maysara, who is this who has stopped beneath this tree?' He said, 'A man of Quraysh, from the people of the Sanctuary.' The monk said, 'No one has ever stopped beneath this tree except a prophet.' Then he asked, 'Is there redness in his eyes?' Maysara said, 'Yes, it never leaves him.' The monk said, 'This is he, and he is the last of the prophets. Would that I might live to see him when he is commanded to go forth.'Maysara took note of this. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ attended the market of Busra, sold the goods he had brought, and bought other goods. A dispute arose between him and a man over some merchandise, and the man said to him, 'Swear by Lat and Uzza.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'I have never sworn by them. Indeed, whenever I pass by them, I turn away from them.' The man said, 'Your word is your word.' Then he said to Maysara privately, 'Maysara, this is a prophet, by the One in whose hand is my soul, he is truly the one, and our rabbis find him described in their books.'Maysara took note of this as well, and then all the people of the caravan set out to return. Maysara used to see, whenever the midday heat grew intense, two angels shading the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from the sun while he was on his camel.He said, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned with her merchandise having made double the profit she usually made, and she doubled what she had promised him.'" That is the end of it, and the wording is Abu Naeem's. Ibn Saad's wording has some differences, and Waqidi is discredited as a narrator, and there are some objectionable elements in his wording.Dhahabi said in Sirah Nabawiyyah (p. 64), "The story of his going out to Syria as a trader was also related by Mahamili, from Abdullah bin Shabib, who is unreliable. Abu Bakr bin Shayba narrated to us, Umar bin Abu Bakr Adawi told me, Musa bin Shayba told me, Umayra bint Abdullah bin Kaab bin Malik told me," with its chain of transmission, and he said, "It is a munkar hadith."Likewise, what is related from Ibn Abbas, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ mentioned Khadijah, and her father was eager to marry her to him, so she prepared food and drink and invited her father and a group of Quraysh. They ate and drank until they were intoxicated, and Khadijah said to her father, "Muhammad bin Abdullah is proposing marriage to me, so marry me to him." So he married her to him, and she anointed him with perfume and dressed him in a fine garment, as they used to do with fathers on such occasions. When his intoxication cleared and he came to his senses, he looked and found himself perfumed and wearing a fine garment, and said, "What is this? What has happened to me?" She said, "You married me to Muhammad bin Abdullah." He said, "I marry the orphan of Abu Talib? No, by my life!" Khadijah said, "Have you no shame? Do you want to make yourself a laughingstock before Quraysh, telling people you were drunk?" She kept at him until he was satisfied, is also not sound.It was related by Imam Ahmad (2849), from Abu Kamil, Hammad bin Salama told us, from Ammar bin Abu Ammar, from Ibn Abbas, as Hammad believed, and he related the hadith, though Hammad had doubt about whether it was connected. In it, it states that her father was the one who married Khadijah, whereas the correct view is that it was her uncle who married her, since her father died before the Battle of Fijar.Bayhaqi also related it in Dalail (2/72–73) through another route, from Hammad bin Salama, from Ali bin Zayd, from Ammar bin Abu Ammar, from Ibn Abbas, that Khadijah's father married the Prophet ﷺ to her, and he thought it also mentioned "drunk." Ali bin Zayd is Ibn Jadan, who is daif. As for Hammad bin Salama, since he does not appear in the first chain, the intermediary link becomes known, and it is daif, as we have said.As for Khadijah, she was called "the Pure One" in the pre-Islamic era, and her mother was Fatimah bint Zaida Amiriyya. Khadijah was first married to Abu Hala, whose name was Malik bin Nabbash bin Zurara Tamimi, and she bore him Hind, who died on the day of the assembly. Abu Umar said, "He was eloquent and articulate, and he described the Prophet ﷺ excellently and precisely." Then after him she was married to Atiq bin Abid bin Abdullah bin Umar bin Makhzum, and then after him to the Prophet ﷺ. He consummated the marriage with her when he was twenty-five years old, and she was fifteen years older than him. This is the well-known account regarding the age of Khadijah, Mother of the Believers, at the time she married the Prophet ﷺ.However, Ibn Ishaq held the view that her age at the time of her marriage was twenty-eight. This is recorded by Hakim (3/182), with a chain through Ibrahim bin Saad, from Muhammad bin Ishaq, who said, "Abu Talib and Khadijah bint Khuwaylid both died in the same year... and she was twenty-eight years old on the day she married him." Ibn Hisham did not mention this account, nor did Yunus bin Bukayr mention it from Ibn Ishaq in the account of his journey to Syria in Khadijah's trade caravan and his subsequent marriage to her after his return. It therefore appears that this is a shadh (anomalous) report.Ibn Ishaq said, "When she said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ what she said, he mentioned it to his uncles. Hamza bin Abdul-Muttalib went out with him, and they entered upon Asad bin Asad and proposed marriage to him on his behalf, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ married her." Paragraph number (59).Ibn Hisham said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave her a dowry of twenty young she-camels." Baladhi and Damyati said, "Twelve uqiyas and a nashsh." Muhib Tabari said, "Of gold." Subul Huda (2/165).