I heard Fatimah bint Qays say that her husband divorced her three times, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not grant her lodging or maintenance.She said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me, 'When your waiting period ends, let me know.'"So she informed him. Muawiya, Abu Jahm, and Usama bin Zayd all proposed to her.The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "As for Muawiya, he is a poor man with no wealth. As for Abu Jahm, he is a man who beats women. But Usama bin Zayd."She gestured with her hand and said, "Usama? Usama?"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to her, "Obedience to Allah and obedience to His Messenger is better for you."She said, "So I married him, and I was greatly pleased."
سمعت فاطمة بنت قيس تقول: إن زوجها طلقها ثلاثا، فلم يجعل لها رسول الله ﷺ سكنى ولا نفقة قالت: قال لي رسول الله ﷺ: إذا حللت فآذنيني فآذنته. فخطبها معاوية وأبو جهم وأسامة بن زيد. فقال رسول الله ﷺ: أما معاوية فرجل ترب لا مال له، وأما أبو جهم فرجل ضراب للنساء، ولكن أسامة بن زيد فقالت بيدها هكذا: أسامة! أسامة! فقال لها رسول الله ﷺ: طاعة الله وطاعة رسوله خير لك قالت: فتزوجته فاغتبطت.
Muslim narrated it in the Book of Divorce (47:1480), from Abu Bakr bin Abu Shayba, who said, "Waki narrated to us, saying, Sulayman narrated to us, from Abu Bakr bin Abu Jahm," and he mentioned it.His saying "tarib" means poor, because from the severity of his poverty he becomes stuck to the dust.Malik said, "The meaning of the prohibition against a man proposing over his brother's proposal is that if a man proposes to a woman and she accepts him, then no one else may propose over his proposal."Shafii said, "The meaning of the hadith in this chapter is that if a man proposes to a woman and she accepts him and inclines toward him, then no one else may propose over his proposal. But if it is not known that she has accepted or inclined toward him, then there is no harm in someone else proposing to her. The proof of this is the story of Fatimah bint Qays, for she did not tell him that she had accepted either of the two men, and had she told him that, he would not have advised her to choose anyone other than the one she had chosen." Tirmidhi related this (1134).