The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to supplicate in his prayer, saying, "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from sin and from debt."Someone said to him, "How often you seek refuge from debt, Messenger of Allah!"He replied, "When a man is in debt, he speaks and lies, and he makes promises and breaks them."
أن رسول الله ﷺ كان يدعو في الصلاة، ويقول: اللهم إني أعوذ بك من المأثم والمغرم. فقال له قائل: ما أكثر ما تستعيذ- يا رسول الله- من المغرم! قال: إن الرجل إذا غرم حدث فكذب، ووعد فأخلف.
Bukhari related it in the Book of Loans (2397), and Muslim in the Book of Mosques (589), both through the route of Zuhri, from Urwa, from Ayesha, and I have mentioned it. The wording given is that of Bukhari.As for what is reported from Abu Saeed, who said, I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "I seek refuge in Allah from disbelief and debt." A man said, "O Messenger of Allah, do you equate debt with disbelief?" He said, "Yes." This is daif.Nasai related it (3473) from Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Yazid, who said, my father narrated to us, who said, Haywa narrated to us, and he mentioned another, who said, Salim bin Ghaylan Tujaybi narrated to us that he heard Darraj Abu Samh, that he heard Abu Haytham, that he heard Abu Saeed, and he mentioned it.Darraj Abu Samh is disputed, but he is daif specifically regarding Abu Haytham, while in other cases his narrations are graded hasan. Hakim related it (1/572) by this route and said it has a sahih chain, as though he did not notice a hidden defect.