"I saw a man whom people were dispersing from according to his opinion. He said nothing without them following it."I asked, "Who is this?"They replied, "This is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ."I said, "Upon you be peace, Messenger of Allah," twice.He said, "Do not say 'Upon you be peace,' for 'Upon you be peace' is the greeting of the dead. Say instead, 'Peace be upon you.'"I said, "Are you the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?"He answered, "I am the Messenger of Allah, the One who, when harm strikes you and you call upon Him, removes it from you. When a year of drought afflicts you and you call upon Him, He makes the earth grow for you. When you are in a barren land or open wilderness and your mount strays, you call upon Him and He returns it to you."I said, "Give me a directive to follow."He said, "Do not insult anyone."He said, "After that I never insulted a free person, a slave, a camel, or a sheep."He continued, "Do not belittle any act of kindness, even speaking to your brother with a cheerful face, for that is part of kindness. Raise your lower garment to mid-calf. If you refuse, then to the ankles. Beware of letting your garment trail, for that comes from arrogance, and Allah does not love arrogance. If a man insults you and reproaches you for something he knows about you, do not reproach him for what you know about him, for the consequence of that falls upon him."
رأيت رجلا يصدر الناس عن رأيه لا يقول شيئا إلا صدروا عنه. قلت: من هذا؟ قالوا: هذا رسول الله ﷺ. قلت: عليك السلام يا رسول الله- مرتين- قال: لا تقل عليك السلام؛ فإن عليك السلام تحية الميت، قل: السلام عليك. قال: قلت: أنت رسول الله ﷺ؟ قال: أنا رسول الله الذي إذا أصابك ضر فدعوته كشفه عنك، وإن أصابك عام سنة فدعوته أنبتها لك، وإذا كنت بأرض قفراء أو فلاة فضلت راحلتك فدعوته ردها عليك. قال: قلت: اعهد إلي. قال: لا تسبن أحدا. قال: فما سبيت بعده حرا ولا عبدا ولا بعيرا ولا شاة. قال: ولا تحقرن شيئا من المعروف وأن تكلم أخاك وأنت منبسط إليه وجهك إن ذلك من المعروف، وارفع إزارك إلى نصف الساق فإن أبيت فإلى الكعبين وإياك وإسبال الإزار فإنها من المخيلة، وإن الله لا يحب المخيلة، وإن امرؤ شتمك وعيرك بما يعلم فيك فلا تعيره بما تعلم فيه فإنما وبال ذلك عليه.
Narrated by Abu Dawud (4084), and the wording is his, and Tirmidhi (2722), both from the hadith of Abu Ghifar Muthanna bin Saeed Tai, from Abu Tamima Hujaymi, from Jabir bin Sulaym, who related it. Tirmidhi shortened it and said, "This is a hasan sahih hadith." Hakim graded it sahih (4/186), and Imam Ahmad narrated something similar (20635), both through the route of Abu Tamima Hujaymi, from Jabir, similarly.It has other routes besides Abu Tamima. Among them is what Ibn Hibban narrated in his Sahih (522), and Imam Ahmad (20633), and Baghawi in Sharh al-Sunnah (3504), all through the route of Salam bin Miskin, from Aqeel bin Talha, who said, Abu Jurayy narrated to me, and he related something similar. This chain is also sahih.This hadith has come both in full and abridged form, and Imam Ahmad narrated it through four different routes, both complete and shortened. It is a single hadith in which the Prophet ﷺ directed toward noble character, and it can be summarized in the following points.1. "Fear Allah."2. "Do not say, 'Upon you be peace (Alaykas-salam),' for 'Alaykas-salam' is the greeting for the dead. Say instead, 'Peace be upon you (As-salamu alayka).'"3. He said, "O Messenger of Allah, what do you call people to?" He said, "I call to Allah alone."4. "I am the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, such that if harm befalls you and you call upon Him (that is, Allah), He removes it from you."5. "And if a year of drought befalls you, and you call upon Him, He causes crops to grow for you."6. "And if you are in a barren land or a wilderness and your mount strays, and you call upon Him, He returns it to you."7. He said, I said, "Give me a directive." He said, "Do not curse anyone." He said, After that I never cursed a free man, a slave, a camel, or a sheep.8. "And if a man reviles you and taunts you with something he knows about you, do not taunt him with something you know about him, for the consequence of that falls upon him."9. "Raise your garment to the middle of the shin, and if you refuse, then to the ankles."10. "And beware of letting your garment trail, for that is a form of arrogance, and Allah does not love arrogance."11. "And never belittle any act of kindness."12. "And never disdain doing good."13. "And among acts of kindness is that you speak to your brother with a cheerful face toward him."14. "And among acts of kindness is even that you pour from your bucket into the vessel of one drawing water."