The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked, "Do you know what the Day of Jumuah is?"I replied, "Allah and His Messenger know best."Then he asked again, "Do you know what the Day of Jumuah is?"I said, "Yes."The narrator said, I am not sure whether he asked him a fourth time or not.I said, "It is the day on which your father, or your forefather, was created."The Prophet ﷺ said, "Shall I tell you about the Day of Jumuah? No Muslim man purifies himself, then walks to the mosque, then listens attentively until the imam finishes his prayer, except that it becomes an expiation for whatever sins he commits between it and the following Jumuah, as long as the major sins are avoided."
قال رسول الله ﷺ: أتدري ما يوم الجمعة؟ قلت: الله ورسوله أعلم. ثم قال: أتدري ما يوم الجمعة؟ قلت: نعم. قال: لا أدري زعم سأله الرابعة أم لا، قال: قلت: هو اليوم الذي جمع فيه أبوه، أو أبوكم، قال النبي ﷺ: ألا أحدثك عن يوم الجمعة؟ لا يتطهر رجل مسلم ثم يمشي إلى المسجد، ثم ينصت حتى يقضي الإمام صلاته إلا كان كفارة لما بينها وبين الجمعة التي بعدها ما اجتنبت المقتلة.
Ahmad (23729) and Tabarani in Kabir (6089) narrated it, both through the route of Ibrahim, from Alqama, from Qarthaa Dabi, from Salman. Its chain is hasan because of Qarthaa Dabi, who is "truthful."Ibn Khuzayma (1732) and Hakim (1/277) graded it sahih, and Hakim said, "This is a hadith with a sahih chain. Bukhari and Muslim relied upon all its narrators as evidence except Qarthaa. I heard Abu Ali say, 'I wanted to gather the narrations of Qarthaa Dabi, for he was one of the ascetics among the Successors, but he did not transmit a full ten hadiths.'" End of quote.However, Ibn Hibban said in Majruhin (2/211) about Qarthaa, "He narrated a few hadiths in which he contradicted the reliable narrators. His integrity has not been established such that he could be treated as one of the reliable narrators whose solitary narrations may be used as evidence. But in my view, his solitary narrations deserve to be avoided, because they contradict the reliable narrators."I say, there is nothing in this hadith of his that contradicts the trustworthy narrators who transmitted from Salman. Rather, this hadith has supporting evidence that corroborates it, except for his statement, "until the imam finishes his prayer," for the correct version is what was mentioned earlier.As for his words, "a killing," it means as long as he has not committed a killing, which is among the major sins. It is established in the sahih hadiths that minor sins are expiated by the five daily prayers and the Friday prayer for one who avoids the major sins.