Azami 2936

Imam Ahmad narrated it (682) from Sulayman bin Dawud, who said, our teacher Shuba informed us, from Abu Ishaq, who heard Asim bin Damra, from Ali, and he related it. Sulayman bin Dawud is Ibn Jarud, Abu Dawud Tayalisi, the author of the Musnad (d. 204), and the hadith appears in his Musnad (129) through this route. Nasai transmitted it from him in Kubra (471). Ibn Khuzayma narrated it in his Sahih (1232) from Muhammad bin Abdullah Makhrami, who said, our teacher Abu Amir told us, from Shuba, in similar wording. Makhrami said, "This is how he narrated it to us in abbreviated form."I say, this hadith is an abbreviation of a longer hadith. See "The Prophet's ﷺ Voluntary Prayers During the Day," in the collection of chapters on supererogatory prayers connected to the obligatory ones. In it is mentioned, "When the sun is from here in the position it has from there at Asr, he would pray two rakats. This is the Duha prayer," as Ibn Khuzayma stated. Its isnad is hasan because of Asim bin Damra. Haythami said in Majma (2/235), "The men of Ahmad are reliable."As for what is reported from Abu Musa Ashari, who said, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever prays four rakats of Duha and four rakats before the first prayer will have a house built for him in Paradise," there is something objectionable in its text. Tabarani narrated it in Awsat, Majma Bahrayn (1068), from Abdul-Rahman bin Salm, who said, our teacher Sahl bin Uthman told us, our teacher Ibrahim bin Muhammad Hamdani told us, from Abdullah bin Ayyash, from Abu Burda, from Abu Musa Ashari, who said, and he related it.Abdullah bin Ayyash Qatbani was declared daif by Abu Dawud and Nasai, and Ibn Yunus said he was a narrator of objectionable hadith. The Hafiz said, "Truthful but prone to error." He indeed erred in this hadith in two places, in his saying "four before the first prayer," which has no basis, and in his saying "a house will be built for him in Paradise," which is specific to one who prays the twelve rakats of the regular sunnah prayers. He instead applied it to the Duha prayer, and he was alone in transmitting it this way.Likewise, it is not sound from Abu Umama, and Utba bin Abdullah Sulami, that they both narrated from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he said, "Whoever prays the dawn prayer in congregation, then remains in the masjid glorifying Allah until the time of Duha, will have a reward like that of a pilgrim and one performing umrah, with his hajj and umrah complete." This is daif. Tabarani narrated it in Kabir (8/181, 180, 174) (17/129) through several routes from Ahwas bin Hakeem, from Abdullah bin Amir, from Abu Umama and Utba, and in some of its routes from Abu Umama alone.Haythami said in Majma (10/104), "It contains Ahwas bin Hakeem, whom Ajli and others considered reliable, while a group declared him daif, and the rest of its narrators are reliable, though there is disagreement about some of them." Munziri said in Targheeb wa Tarheeb (1/296), "Tabarani narrated it, and its isnad is good." I say, its isnad is not good, for the people of knowledge criticized Ahwas bin Hakeem. Ibn Main said, "He is nothing." Saadi said, "He is not strong in hadith." Nasai said, "Daif." And in Taqrib, the Hafiz described him outright with the words "weak in memory."Likewise, what is reported from Muaz bin Anas, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever sits in his place of prayer when he finishes the dawn prayer until he prays the two rakats of Duha, saying nothing but good, will have his sins forgiven, even if they are more numerous than the foam of the sea." Abu Dawud narrated it (1287) from Muhammad bin Salama Muradi, who said, our teacher Ibn Wahb told us, from Yahya bin Ayub, from Zabban bin Fayd, from Sahl bin Muaz bin Anas Juhani, from his father, and he related the hadith. Its isnad is daif, for Zabban bin Fayd, with the letter fa, the Basran, was described by Ibn Main as "a daif shaykh." Imam Ahmad said, "His hadiths are objectionable." Ibn Hibban said, "Extremely objectionable in hadith." And a Hafiz described him outright with the words "daif in hadith."Likewise, what is reported from Abu Umama, from the Prophet ﷺ, who said, "That I remember Allah, the Exalted, from sunrise, saying tahlil and tasbih, is dearer to me than freeing four of the descendants of Ismail, and that I remember Allah from the Asr prayer until the sun sets is dearer to me than freeing so-and-so and so-and-so of the descendants of Ismail." Ahmad narrated it (22185), and Tabarani in Kabir (8028) and in Dua (1882), all of them through the route of Sulayman bin Harb, who said, our teacher Hammad bin Salama told us, from Ali bin Zayd, from Abu Talib Dubai, from Abu Umama, and he related it. Ali bin Zayd, that is, Ibn Jadan, is daif.