He forbade praying after the afternoon prayer until the sun sets, and after dawn, or he said, after the morning prayer until the sun rises, and at midday. He said, during the intense heat.
نهي عن الصلاة بعد العصر حتى تغرب الشمس، وبعد الفجر، أو قال: بعد صلاة الصبح حتى تطلع الشمس، وبنصف النهار. قال: في شدة الحر.
Bazzar narrated it in Kashf (614) from Abbas bin Jafar, who said, our teacher Walid bin Salih narrated to us, from Abu Bakr bin Ayyash, from Asim, from Zirr, from Abdullah, and he mentioned it.Haythami said in Majma al-Zawaid (3358), "Abu Yaala and Bazzar narrated it, and their narrators are trustworthy."I say, Asim is Ibn Bahdala, about whom Daraqutni made critical remarks, and regarding his memory Bazzar himself is described as "truthful but has some lapses in memory," as stated in Taqrib. The one who narrated from him, Abu Bakr bin Ayyash, is the Kufan grain merchant and Quran reciter. Ibn Adi said, "He is a well-known Kufan, who narrates from eminent people, and is among the most famous teachers and reciters of Kufa. He narrated from Asim bin Bahdala, one of the Quran reciters, and in all his narrations from everyone he narrated from, he is fine, for I have not found any objectionable hadith from him when a trustworthy narrator transmitted from him."Note, this hadith is missing from the old printing of Majma al-Zawaid but is found in the edition of Muhammad Abdul-Qadir Ata.As for what was narrated from Abdullah Sanabihi, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The sun rises with the horn of Satan alongside it. When it rises high, it separates from it, then when it reaches its zenith, it joins it again. When it declines from its zenith, it separates from it, then when it draws near to setting, it joins it again. When it sets, it separates from it." And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade prayer during those hours.Malik narrated it in Quran (44) from Zayd bin Aslam, from Ata bin Yasar, from Abdullah Sanabihi, who mentioned something similar. Nasai narrated it (559) through Malik's route in this manner, and Ibn Majah (1253) through the route of Mamar, from Zayd bin Aslam in this manner, and he said, in it is Abu Abdullah Sanabihi, and this is correct, his name being Abdul-Rahman bin Usayla, and he is a follower of the companions (tabii), as was discussed in detail earlier in the Book of Purification, in the chapter on the reward of purification.Hafiz said in Fath al-Bari (2/63), "It is a mursal hadith, though its narrators are strong."I say, his statement, "then when it reaches its zenith, it joins it again," contradicts what is established in the sahih hadiths, namely that at that time Hell is stoked, as found in the hadith of Amr bin Abasa and Safwan bin Muattal.Likewise, what was narrated from Murra bin Kaab, or Kaab bin Murra Sulami, in a long hadith which includes, "Prayer is accepted until you pray the dawn prayer, then there is no prayer until the sun rises and reaches the height of a spear or two spears, then prayer is accepted until the shadow reaches the length of a spear, then there is no prayer until the sun passes its zenith, then prayer is accepted until you pray Asr, then there is no prayer until the sun sets."Imam Ahmad narrated it (18059), our teacher Muhammad bin Jafar narrated to us, our teacher Shuba narrated to us, from Mansur, from Salim bin Abu Jaad, from Murra bin Kaab, or Kaab bin Murra, and he mentioned it. Shuba said, Mansur also narrated it to me and mentioned three narrators between him and Murra bin Kaab.There is a disconnection in it, for it has been said that Salim bin Abu Jaad did not hear directly from Kaab bin Murra, as stated in Tahdheeb. It was also narrated from Salim bin Abu Jaad, from a man, from Kaab bin Murra, and Daraqutni, in Ilal, favored this chain that contains an unnamed man, though others held different views.Likewise, what was narrated from Abu Qatada, from the Prophet ﷺ, that he disliked prayer at midday except on Friday, and said, "Hell is stoked except on Friday," this is daif, narrated by Abu Dawud (1083), and it will come later in the chapter on Friday prayer.