Jibreel came to the Prophet ﷺ when the sun had passed its zenith and said, "Rise, Muhammad, and pray Dhuhr."Then he waited until a man's shadow equaled his own height, came to him for Asr, and said, "Rise, Muhammad, and pray Asr."Then he waited until the sun had set, came to him, and said, "Rise and pray Maghrib." So he rose and prayed it precisely when the sun had set.Then he waited until the twilight had vanished, came to him, and said, "Rise and pray Isha." So he rose and prayed it.Then he came to him when the dawn broke for the morning prayer and said, "Rise, Muhammad, and pray." So he rose and prayed Subh.Then he came to him the next day when a man's shadow equaled his own height and said, "Rise, Muhammad, and pray Dhuhr."Then Jibreel
came to him when a man's shadow was twice his own length and said, "Rise, Muhammad, and pray." So he prayed Asr.Then he came to him for Maghrib when the sun had set, at the very same time as before, without any change, and said, "Rise and pray." So he prayed Maghrib.Then he came to him for Isha when the first third of the night had passed and said, "Rise and pray." So he prayed Isha.Then he came to him for Subh when the dawn had grown very bright and said, "Rise and pray." So he prayed Subh.Then he said, "The time between these two is the time for each prayer."
جاء جبريل عليه السلام إلى النبي ﷺ حين زالت الشمس فقال: قم يا محمد فصل الظهر حين مالت الشمس، ثم مكث حتى إذا كان فى الرجل مثله جاءه للعصر فقال: قم يا محمد فصل العصر، ثم مكث حتى إذا غابت الشمس جاءه فقال: قم فصل المغرب، فقام فصلاها حين غابت الشمس سواء، ثم مكث حتى إذا ذهب الشفق جاءه فقال: قم فصل العشاء فقام فصلاها، ثم جاءه حين سطع الفجر في الصبح فقال: قم يا محمد فصل فقام فصلى الصبح، ثم جاءه من الغد حين كان فى الرجل مثله فقال: قم يا محمد فصل الظهر، ثم جاءه جبريل عليه السلام حين كان في الرجل مثليه فقال: قم يا محمد فصل فصلى العصر، ثم جاءه للمغرب حين غابت الشمس وقتا واحدا لم يزل عنه فقال: قم فصل، فصلى المغرب، ثم جاءه للعشاء حين ذهب ثلث الليل الأول فقال: قم فصل فصلى العشاء، ثم جاءه للصبح حين أسفر جدا، فقال: قم فصل فصلى الصبح فقال: ما بين هذين وقت كله.
Nasai (526) narrated it, and this is his wording, as did Tirmidhi (150), both by way of Abdullah bin Mubarak, from Husayn bin Ali bin Husayn, who said, Wahb bin Kaysan told me, who said, Jabir bin Abdullah narrated to us, and he related it. As for Tirmidhi, he did not give the full wording of the hadith, but instead referred back to the hadith of Ibn Abbas, saying, "With the same meaning." He said, Muhammad said, "The most sahih thing regarding the prayer times is the hadith of Jabir from the Prophet ﷺ."Hakim said, after citing the hadith by way of Ibn Mubarak (1/195-196), "This is a sahih and well-known hadith from the hadith of Abdullah bin Mubarak, and the two sheikhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not include it due to a defect concerning the hadith of Husayn bin Ali the Younger, though Abdul-Rahman bin Abu Al-Mawal and others narrated from him."I say, its chain of transmission is hasan on account of Husayn the Younger, who is the brother of Abu Jafar bin Ali bin Husayn. Nasai said he is trustworthy, and Ibn Hibban mentioned him among the trustworthy narrators.The hadith of Jabir has another route, through Ata bin Abu Rabah, from Jabir. It was narrated by Nasai (513), Ibn Khuzayma (353), Hakim (1/196), Bayhaqi (1/368-368), and Ahmad (14790), all of them by various routes from Ata bin Abu Rabah, from Jabir, who said, Jibreel came to the Prophet ﷺ to teach him the prayer times. Jibreel went ahead, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ behind him, and the people behind the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, then he related something similar.Tirmidhi pointed to these routes, quoting from Bukhari, saying, "The hadith of Jabir concerning the prayer times has been narrated by Ata bin Abu Rabah, Amr bin Dinar, and Abu Zubayr, from Jabir bin Abdullah, from the Prophet ﷺ, in a manner similar to the hadith of Wahb bin Kaysan, from Jabir bin Abdullah, from the Prophet ﷺ."