The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Allah held back the elephant from Mecca and gave the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the believers power over its people."
أن رسول الله ﷺ قال: إن الله حبس عن مكة الفيل، وسلط عليهم رسول الله ﷺ والمؤمنين.
Bukhari narrated it in the Book of Knowledge (112) and Muslim in the Book of Hajj (1355: 448), both from the hadith of Shayban, from Yahya, from Abu Salama, from Abu Hurairah, who mentioned it within a long account, as is mentioned in the account of the conquest of Makkah.Regarding His saying, "and sent against them birds in flocks" [Fil 105:3], ababil is a collective noun that has no singular of its own root, and it means groups.Regarding His saying, "pelting them with stones of sijjil" [Fil 105:4], sijjil is something extremely hard, a stone originally formed from clay, similar to Allah's saying in Surah Hud, "and We rained upon it stones of layered sijjil" [Hud 11:82]. That is, they were not rocky stones, but rather hardened clay created for their punishment, because whenever this stone struck one of them, smallpox broke out on him, even though smallpox was not known in Makkah before that, and rocky stone does not cause the disease of smallpox.Regarding His saying, "and He made them like devoured straw" [Fil 105:5], al-asf is the leaves of crops, and when livestock get into it and eat it, trample it underfoot, and cast it to the ground after it had been green and flourishing, this is an image of the condition of the People of the Elephant, how they ended up fallen on the ground after having been strong.Ibn Abbas said, "Al-asf is the husk that is on the grain, like the covering on wheat."As for what was reported from Ayesha, that she said, "I saw the leader of the elephant and its handler in Makkah, both blind and paralyzed, begging for food," this is odd. Ibn Ishaq narrated it, saying, Abdullah bin Abu Bakr narrated to us, from Amra bint Abdul-Rahman bin Asaad bin Zurara, from Ayesha, who mentioned it. Sirah by Ibn Hisham (57/1). And by his route, Bazzar narrated it, Kashf Astar (48/2). The reason for its oddity is that Allah sent punishment upon the army and destroyed it, so how did these two survive?