Abdullah bin Abbas reported,

Ten men had stayed behind from the Prophet ﷺ during the expedition to Tabuk. When the Prophet's ﷺ return drew near, seven of them tied themselves to the pillars of the masjid, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would pass by them whenever he came out of the masjid. When he saw them he asked, "Who are these men who have bound themselves to the pillars?"They said, "This is Abu Lubabah and some companions of his who stayed behind from you, Messenger of Allah. They have tied themselves up until the Prophet ﷺ releases them and excuses them."The Prophet ﷺ said, "And I swear by Allah, I will not release them and I will not excuse them until it is Allah who releases them and excuses them. They turned away from me and stayed behind from fighting alongside the Muslims."When word of this reached them they said, "By Allah, we will not release ourselves until it is Allah who releases us."Then Allah revealed, "And there are others who have acknowledged their sins. They mixed a righteous deed with an evil one. Perhaps Allah will accept their repentance" [Tawbah 9:102]. And "perhaps" from Allah is a certainty, for He is the Accepter of repentance, the Merciful. When this was revealed, the Prophet ﷺ sent for them, released them, and excused them.They came bringing their wealth and said, "Messenger of Allah, here is our wealth. Give it away in charity on our behalf and ask forgiveness for us."He replied, "I have not been commanded to take your wealth."Then Allah revealed, "Take from their wealth a charity by which you purify and cleanse them, and pray for them" [Tawbah 9:103], meaning ask forgiveness for them, "indeed your prayer is a comfort for them" [Tawbah 9:103]. So he took from them and asked forgiveness for them.

في قوله تعالى: {واخرون اعترفوا بذنوبهم خلطوا عملا صلحا وءاخر سيئا}

عن ابن عباس قال

كان عشرة رهط تخلفوا عن النبي ﷺ في غزوة تبوك، فلما حضر رجوع النبي ﷺ الأوثق سبعة منهم أنفسهم بسواري المسجد، فكان ممر رسول الله ﷺ إذا رجع من المسجد عليهم، فلما راهم قال: من هؤلاء الموثقون أنفسهم بالسواري؟ قالوا: هذا أبو لبابة وأصحاب له تخلفوا عنك، يارسول الله! أوثقوا أنفسهم حتى يطلقهم النبي ﷺ ويعذرهم، فقال النبي ﷺ: وأنا أقسم بالله! لا أطلقهم، ولا أعذرهم حتى يكون الله هو الذي يطلقهم، ويعذرهم، رغبوا عني، وتخلفوا عن الغزو مع المسلمين. فلما بلغهم ذلك قالوا: نحن- والله- لا نطلق أنفسنا حتى يكون الله هو الذي يطلقنا. فأنزل الله: {واخرون اعترفوا بذنوبهم خلطوا عملا صلحا وءاخر سيئا عسى الله أن يتوب عليهم} وعسى من الله واجب، أنه هو التواب الرحيم، فلما نزلت أرسل اليهم النبي ﷺ فأطلقهم وعذرهم، فجاؤوا بأموالهم، فقالوا: يارسول الله! هذه أموالنا، فتصدق بها عنا، واستغفر لنا. قال: ما أمرت أن آخذ أموالكم. فأنزل الله: {خذ من أموالهم صدقة تطهرهم وتزكيهم بها وصل عليهم} يقول: استغفر لهم: {إن صلوتك سكن لهم} فأخذ منهم، واستغفر لهم.