Zaynab bint Abu Salama reported,

I entered upon Umm Habiba, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, when her father Abu Sufyan bin Harb died. Umm Habiba called for some perfume containing yellow khaluq or something similar. She rubbed some of it on a young servant girl, then wiped it on her own cheeks. She then said, "By Allah, I have no need for perfume, except that I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for any deceased person more than three nights, except for a husband, for whom she mourns four months and ten days.'"Zaynab said, "I then entered upon Zaynab bint Jahsh, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, when her brother died. She called for perfume and applied some of it, then said, 'By Allah, I have no need for perfume, except that I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for any deceased person more than three nights, except for a husband, for whom she mourns four months and ten days."'"Zaynab continued, "I also heard my mother Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, say that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, 'Messenger of Allah, my daughter's husband has died, and her eyes are sore. May she apply kohl?'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'No,' two or three times, each time saying, 'No.'Then he said, 'It is only four months and ten days. In the time of ignorance, one of you would throw a piece of dung at the end of a year.'"Humayd bin Nafi said, "I asked Zaynab, 'What does throwing the dung at the end of a year mean?'Zaynab replied, 'When a woman's husband died, she would enter a small, wretched hut, put on her worst clothes, and not touch perfume or anything else until a year had passed. Then an animal would be brought to her, a donkey, a sheep, or a bird, and she would break her state of mourning by rubbing herself against it. Rarely did she rub against anything but it would die. Then she would come out and be given a piece of dung, which she would throw away. After that she could return to whatever she wished of perfume or other things.'"Malik said, "Hifsh means a small, wretched dwelling, and tuftadd means she would wipe her skin with it like a cleansing rite."

Azami 12010

Sahih

عن زينب بنت أبي سلمة قالت

دخلت على أم حبيبة، زوج النبي ﷺ، حين توفي أبوها أبو سفيان بن حرب، فدعت أم حبيبة بطيب فيه صفرة خلوق أو غيره، فدهنت منه جارية، ثم مسحت بعارضيها، ثم قالت: والله، ما لي بالطيب من حاجة، غير أني سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: لا يحل لامرأة تؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر أن تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث ليال، إلا على زوج أربعة أشهر وعشرا قالت زينب: ثم دخلت على زينب بنت جحش زوج النبي ﷺ حين توفي أخوها، فدعت بطيب فمست منه، ثم قالت: والله ما لي بالطيب حاجة غير أني سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: لا يحل لامرأة تؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث ليال، إلا على زوج أربعة أشهر وعشرا قالت زينب: وسمعت أمي أم سلمة، زوج النبي ﷺ تقول: جاءت امرأة إلى رسول الله ﷺ، فقالت: يا رسول الله، إن ابنتي توفي عنها زوجها، وقد اشتكت عينيها أفتكحلهما؟ فقال رسول الله ﷺ: لا مرتين أو ثلاثا كل ذلك يقول: لا. ثم قال: إنما هي أربعة أشهر وعشرا، وقد كانت إحداكن في الجاهلية ترمى بالبعرة على رأس الحول. قال حميد بن نافع: فقلت لزينب: وما ترمي بالبعرة على رأس الحول؟ فقالت زينب: كانت المرأة إذا توفي عنها زوجها، دخلت حفشا ولبست شر ثيابها، ولم تمس طيبا ولا شيئا حتى تمر بها سنة ثم تؤتى بدابة- حمار أو شاة أو طير- فتفتض به، فقلما تفتض بشيء إلا مات، ثم تخرج فتعطى بعرة فترمي بها، ثم تراجع بعد ما شاءت من طيب أو غيره. قال مالك: والحفش: البيت الرديء، وتفتض: تمسح به جلدها كالنشرة.

الأعظمي 12010صحيح
Contents
Reference
Commentary
Ayat
Collection
Jami al-Kamil
Book
Tafsir of the great Quran
Chapter
Virtues of Surah Baqarah
Section
His saying, "And those who are taken in death among you and leave wives behind, they shall wait concerning themselves for four months and ten days. Then when they have fulfilled their term, there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in a reasonable manner. And Allah is acquainted with what you do."
Numbering
Jami al-Kamil 12010 (2nd edition)
Azami 12010