He asked Abu Hurairah, "Did you pray the prayer of fear with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?"Abu Hurairah replied, "Yes."He asked, "When?"Abu Hurairah said, "During the year of the campaign of Najd. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood for the afternoon prayer, and one group stood with him while another group faced the enemy with their backs to the qiblah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said the takbir, and they all said the takbir together, both those with him and those facing the enemy. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed one bowing, and the group nearest to him bowed with him. Then he prostrated, and the group nearest to him prostrated, while the others remained standing facing the enemy. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up, and the group with him stood as well, and they went off toward the enemy and faced them. The group that had been facing the enemy then came forward and performed their bowing and prostration while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained standing as he was. Then they stood up, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed another bowing, and they bowed with him and prostrated with him. Then the group that had been facing the enemy came forward and performed their bowing and prostration while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat, along with those who had followed him. Then came the salam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave the salam, and they all gave the salam together. Thus the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had performed two units of prayer, and every man of the two groups had performed two units of prayer each."
حدثنا عبد الله بن يزيد المقري حدثنا حيوة وابن لهيعة حدثنا أبو الأسود يتيم عروة أنه سمع عروة بن الزبير يحدث
أنه سأل أبا هريرة هل صليت مع رسول الله ﷺ صلاة الخوف فقال أبو هريرة نعم فقال متى قال عام غزوة نجد قام رسول الله ﷺ لصلاة العصر وقامت معه طائفة وطائفة أخرى مقابلة العدو ظهورهم إلى القبلة فكبر رسول الله ﷺ وكبروا جميعا الذين معه والذين يقابلون العدو ثم ركع رسول الله ﷺ ركعة واحدة ثم ركعت معه الطائفة التي تليه ثم سجد وسجدت الطائفة التي تليه والآخرون قيام مقابلة العدو فقام رسول الله ﷺ وقامت الطائفة التي معه فذهبوا إلى العدو فقابلوهم وأقبلت الطائفة التي كانت مقابلة العدو فركعوا وسجدوا ورسول الله ﷺ قائم كما هو ثم قاموا فركع رسول الله ﷺ ركعة أخرى وركعوا معه وسجدوا معه ثم أقبلت الطائفة التي كانت تقابل العدو فركعوا وسجدوا ورسول الله ﷺ قاعد ومن تبعه ثم كان التسليم فسلم رسول الله ﷺ وسلموا جميعا فكانت لرسول الله ﷺ ركعتان ولكل رجل من الطائفتين ركعتان ركعتان
Its chain of transmission is extremely sahih. Abu Dawud and Nasai narrated it, and Abu Dawud said nothing about it, and the men of its chain are trustworthy according to Abu Dawud and Nasai. Abu Dawud also transmitted it through another route from Abu Hurairah, and its chain contains Muhammad bin Ishaq, about whom there is a well known discussion when he does not explicitly state that he heard directly.This hadith describes the form of the prayer of fear, which is that the two groups enter the prayer together with the imam, then one of the two groups stands facing the enemy while the imam prays one rakat with the other group, then they go and stand facing the enemy, then the other group comes and prays one rakat for itself while the imam remains standing, then he prays with them the rakat that remains for him, then the group that was standing facing the enemy comes and prays one rakat for itself while the imam sits, then the imam says the closing salutation and they all say the closing salutation together.