The Prophet ﷺ heard a man reciting "Say, He is Allah, the One" [Ikhlas 112:1], and he said, "It has become obligatory."They asked, "Messenger of Allah, what has become obligatory?"He replied, "Paradise has become obligatory for him."
حدثنا أبو عامر حدثنا مالك عن عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن عن ابن حنين
أن النبي ﷺ سمع رجلا يقرأ قل هو الله أحد فقال وجبت قالوا يا رسول الله ما وجبت قال وجبت له الجنة
Its chain of transmission is sahih. Abu Amir is Aqdi, Abdul-Malik bin Amr.Abdullah bin Abdul-Rahman - the narrators from Malik differed over the name of this shaykh. It is recorded here in the Musnad, and likewise in what is coming at 10932, as Abdullah, in the greater form, and it is likewise recorded in the greater form in Jami al-Masanid 7:252, quoting this same passage. But it is recorded in Muwatta, page 208, as Ubaydullah, in the diminutive form. Ibn Abdul-Barr said in Taqassi, number 306, that this is how Yahya gave the name of this shaykh, narrating from Malik from Ubaydullah bin Abdul-Rahman, and most of the narrators of Muwatta followed him in this. Some of them called him Abdullah, and thought he was Abu Tawala. We have clarified his case in Tamhid.He mentioned in Tahdhib, in the biography of Abdullah bin Abdul-Rahman bin Harith bin Saad bin Abu Dhubab, volume 5, page 292, the possibility that this is the same narrator meant here, and he pointed to the disagreement about him. Then, in the biography of Ubaydullah bin Abdul-Rahman, he mentioned that it was said he was the son of Saaib bin Umayr, and it was also said he was the son of Abu Dhubab. Ibn Abu Hatim, in Jarh wa Tadil 2/2/94, number 435, gave the biography of Abdullah bin Abdul-Rahman bin Harith, ibn Saad bin Abu Dhubab, and mentioned that he narrated from Ubayd bin Hunayn, but did not mention any narration of Malik from him. Then, at 2/2/323, number 1535, he gave the biography of Ubaydullah bin Abdul-Rahman, without tracing his lineage further, and mentioned that he narrated from Ubayd bin Hunayn, and that Malik narrated from him.I consider it more likely that he is Abdullah, in the greater form, and that he is Abu Tawala, namely Abdullah bin Abdul-Rahman bin Mamar, Abu Tawala, the Ansari, the Madinan. Malik has three other hadiths from him in Muwatta, which Ibn Abdul-Barr mentioned in Taqassi, 237–239. Had Malik meant a different shaykh, he would have clarified this and traced his lineage, for he was the most knowledgeable of people regarding his shaykhs and the narrators of hadith among the people of Madinah, and he is the authority in this matter. Malik's narration from Abu Tawala has already passed at 7230.Ibn Hunayn is Ubayd bin Hunayn, the Madinan, a client of the family of Zayd bin Khattab. He was a trustworthy tabii. Ibn Abu Hatim gave his biography at 2/2/404–405, and Ibn Saad at 5:210–211, and mentioned that he died in the year 105, at the age of 95.The hadith is found in Muwatta, page 208, at length, like the narration coming at 10932. Tirmidhi also related it, 4:49–50, in abridged form, through Malik, and said, "This is a hasan sahih hadith, rare, we know it only through the hadith of Malik."