Some people from Iraq came and asked, "Ibn Abbas, do you consider the bath on Friday obligatory?"He replied, "No, but it is purer and better for whoever bathes. As for the one who does not bathe, it is not obligatory upon him. Let me tell you how the bath began.The people lived in hardship. They wore wool and carried loads on their backs. Their mosque was small with a low ceiling, in fact it was just a thatched shelter. One hot day, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out, and the people sweated in their woolen garments until an offensive odor rose from them, troubling one another. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ noticed that smell, he said, 'People, when this day comes, take a bath, and let each of you apply the best oil and perfume he can find.'"Ibn Abbas continued, "Then Allah brought prosperity. They began wearing clothes other than wool, they were spared heavy labor, their mosque was expanded, and much of what had caused them to offend one another with the smell of sweat was gone."
حدثنا عبد الله بن مسلمة حدثنا عبد العزيز يعني ابن محمد عن عمرو بن أبي عمرو
أن أناسا من أهل العراق جاءوا فقالوا يا ابن عباس أترى الغسل يوم الجمعة واجبا قال لا ولكنه أطهر وخير لمن اغتسل ومن لم يغتسل فليس عليه بواجب وسأخبركم كيف بدء الغسل كان الناس مجهودين يلبسون الصوف ويعملون على ظهورهم وكان مسجدهم ضيقا مقارب السقف إنما هو عريش فخرج رسول الله ﷺ في يوم حار وعرق الناس في ذلك الصوف حتى ثارت منهم رياح آذى بذلك بعضهم بعضا فلما وجد رسول الله ﷺ تلك الريح قال أيها الناس إذا كان هذا اليوم فاغتسلوا وليمس أحدكم أفضل ما يجد من دهنه وطيبه قال ابن عباس ثم جاء الله بالخير ولبسوا غير الصوف وكفوا العمل ووسع مسجدهم وذهب بعض الذي كان يؤذي بعضهم بعضا من العرق
Takhrij, [hasan] Ahmad reported it, 1/268, from the hadith of Amr bin Abu Amr, with the same wording. Bayhaqi related it, 1/295, from the hadith of Abu Dawud, with the same wording, and Ibn Khuzayma graded it sahih, no. 1755, as did Hakim, according to the criterion of Bukhari, 1/280, 281, and Dhahabi agreed with him (!). Hafiz graded it hasan in Fath al-Bari, 2/362.