The Prophet ﷺ said, "Allah commanded Yahya bin Zakariya with five matters, that he should act upon them and command the Children of Israil to act upon them. He was about to delay in conveying them, so Isa said to him, 'Allah has commanded you with five matters, that you should act upon them and command the Children of Israil to act upon them. Either you command them, or I will command them.'Yahya replied, 'I fear that if you precede me in this, I may be swallowed up by the earth or punished.'So he gathered the people in Bayt al-Maqdis, and the mosque was filled until people sat upon the elevated places. He said, 'Allah has commanded me with five matters, that I should act upon them and command you to act upon them.The first is that you worship Allah and associate nothing with Him. The likeness of one who associates partners with Allah is that of a man who buys a slave from his pure wealth with gold or silver, then says to him, "This is my house and this is my work, so work and pay your earnings to me." But the slave works and pays his earnings to someone other than his master. Which of you would be pleased to have his slave act in such a manner?Allah commands you to pray. When you pray, do not turn your faces aside, for Allah sets His face directly towards the face of His servant in prayer as long as he does not turn aside.I command you to fast. The likeness of this is that of a man in a group who has with him a pouch containing musk, and all of them marvel at, or are pleased by, its fragrance. Indeed, the breath of the fasting person is more fragrant before Allah than the scent of musk.I command you to give charity. The likeness of this is that of a man captured by the enemy, who bind his hands to his neck and bring him forward to strike off his head. He says, "I will ransom myself from you with little or much," and so he ransoms himself from them.I command you to remember Allah. The likeness of this is that of a man whom the enemy pursues swiftly, until he reaches a fortified stronghold and protects himself from them. So too, the servant cannot protect himself from Satan except through the remembrance of Allah.'"The Prophet ﷺ said, "And I command you with five which Allah has commanded me. Listening, obeying, jihad, hijrah, and remaining with the community. Whoever departs from the community by even a hand's span has cast off the yoke of Islam from his neck, unless he returns. And whoever calls with the call of the days of ignorance is among the kindling of Hellfire."A man asked, "Messenger of Allah, even if he prays and fasts?"He replied, "Even if he prays and fasts. So call yourselves by the call of Allah, who has named you Muslims, believers, servants of Allah."
حدثنا محمد بن إسمعيل حدثنا موسى بن إسمعيل حدثنا أبان بن يزيد حدثنا يحيى بن أبي كثير عن زيد بن سلام أن أبا سلام حدثه أن
أن النبي ﷺ قال إن الله أمر يحيى بن زكريا بخمس كلمات أن يعمل بها ويأمر بني إسرائيل أن يعملوا بها وإنه كاد أن يبطئ بها فقال عيسى إن الله أمرك بخمس كلمات لتعمل بها وتأمر بني إسرائيل أن يعملوا بها فإما أن تأمرهم وإما أن آمرهم فقال يحيى أخشى إن سبقتني بها أن يخسف بي أو أعذب فجمع الناس في بيت المقدس فامتلأ المسجد وتعدوا على الشرف فقال إن الله أمرني بخمس كلمات أن أعمل بهن وآمركم أن تعملوا بهن أولهن أن تعبدوا الله ولا تشركوا به شيئا وإن مثل من أشرك بالله كمثل رجل اشترى عبدا من خالص ماله بذهب أو ورق فقال هذه داري وهذا عملي فاعمل وأد إلي فكان يعمل ويؤدي إلى غير سيده فأيكم يرضى أن يكون عبده كذلك وإن الله أمركم بالصلاة فإذا صليتم فلا تلتفتوا فإن الله ينصب وجهه لوجه عبده في صلاته ما لم يلتفت وآمركم بالصيام فإن مثل ذلك كمثل رجل في عصابة معه صرة فيها مسك فكلهم يعجب أو يعجبه ريحها وإن ريح الصائم أطيب عند الله من ريح المسك وآمركم بالصدقة فإن مثل ذلك كمثل رجل أسره العدو فأوثقوا يده إلى عنقه وقدموه ليضربوا عنقه فقال أنا أفديه منكم بالقليل والكثير ففدى نفسه منهم وآمركم أن تذكروا الله فإن مثل ذلك كمثل رجل خرج العدو في أثره سراعا حتى إذا أتى على حصن حصين فأحرز نفسه منهم كذلك العبد لا يحرز نفسه من الشيطان إلا بذكر الله قال النبي ﷺ وأنا آمركم بخمس الله أمرني بهن السمع والطاعة والجهاد والهجرة والجماعة فإنه من فارق الجماعة قيد شبر فقد خلع ربقة الإسلام من عنقه إلا أن يرجع ومن ادعى دعوى الجاهلية فإنه من جثا جهنم فقال رجل يا رسول الله وإن صلى وصام قال وإن صلى وصام فادعوا بدعوى الله الذي سماكم المسلمين المؤمنين عباد الله
Its isnad is sahih. Ibn Khuzayma also reported it, 1953, 196, hadith 1895, from the hadith of Abu Aban Attar, and Ahmad, 4/130, from the hadith of Yahya bin Abu Kathir, and Nasai in al-Kubra, hadith 1349, in abridged form, from the hadith of Zayd bin Salam through the same chain. Ibn Hibban graded it sahih, hadith 1224, 1550, as did Hakim, 1/117, 118, 236, 421, 422, and Dhahabi agreed with him.