The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The son of Adam has no valid vow concerning what he does not own, no valid emancipation concerning what he does not own, and no valid divorce concerning what he does not own."
حدثنا أحمد بن منيع حدثنا هشيم حدثنا عامر الأحول
قال رسول الله ﷺ لا نذر لابن آدم فيما لا يملك ولا عتق له فيما لا يملك ولا طلاق له فيما لا يملك
[Its isnad is hasan]. Ibn Majah also reported it in the Book of Divorce, chapter "There is no divorce before marriage," hadith 2047, from the report of Hushaym, and Abu Dawud, hadith 2190, from the report of Amr bin Shuayb, with the same wording. The wording in Hakim, 2/205, is "There is no divorce before marriage," and Dhahabi graded it sahih.There are also reports on this subject from Ali [Ibn Majah, hadith 2049, and Tabarani in Saghir, 1/96, and its basis is found in Abu Dawud, hadith 2873], Muaz bin Jabal [Hakim in Mustadrak, 2/419, and it is munqati], Jabir [Hakim, 2/420], Ibn Abbas [Hakim, 2/419, and Bayhaqi, 3207], and Ayesha [Hakim, 2/419].