Urwa asked Ayesha about the saying of Allah , "And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphan girls, then marry those that please you of women" [Nisa 4:3].She replied, "Son of my sister, this refers to the orphan girl who is under the care of her guardian and shares with him in his property. Her wealth and beauty please him, so her guardian wishes to marry her without being just regarding her dowry, giving her less than what someone else would give her. So they were forbidden to marry such girls unless they dealt justly with them and gave them the highest customary dowry. They were then commanded to marry whatever other women pleased them."Urwa said, Ayesha said, "Then the people sought a ruling from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding them after this, so Allah
revealed, "And they ask you for a ruling concerning women. Say, Allah gives you a ruling concerning them..." up to His saying, "...yet you desire to marry them" [Nisa 4:127]."Ayesha said, "What Allah Almighty mentioned as being recited in the Book is the first verse, which contains, "And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphan girls, then marry those that please you of women" [Nisa 4:3]."Ayesha continued, "Allah's statement in the other verse, "yet you desire to marry them", refers to the disinclination of one of you toward his orphan ward when she has little wealth and beauty. So they were forbidden to marry those orphan girls whose wealth they desired, unless they did so with fairness, because of their disinclination toward them otherwise."
أخبرنا يونس بن عبد الأعلى وسليمان بن داود عن ابن وهب أخبرني يونس عن ابن شهاب قال أخبرني عروة بن الزبير أنه
عن قول الله عز وجل {وإن خفتم ألا تقسطوا في اليتامى فانكحوا ما طاب لكم من النساء} قالت يا ابن أختي هي اليتيمة تكون في حجر وليها فتشاركه في ماله فيعجبه مالها وجمالها فيريد وليها أن يتزوجها بغير أن يقسط في صداقها فيعطيها مثل ما يعطيها غيره فنهوا أن ينكحوهن إلا أن يقسطوا لهن ويبلغوا بهن أعلى سنتهن من الصداق فأمروا أن ينكحوا ما طاب لهم من النساء سواهن قال عروة قالت عائشة ثم إن الناس استفتوا رسول الله ﷺ بعد فيهن فأنزل الله عز وجل {ويستفتونك في النساء قل الله يفتيكم فيهن} إلى قوله {وترغبون أن تنكحوهن} قالت عائشة والذي ذكر الله تعالى أنه يتلى في الكتاب الآية الأولى التي فيها {وإن خفتم ألا تقسطوا في اليتامى فانكحوا ما طاب لكم من النساء} قالت عائشة وقول الله في الآية الأخرى {وترغبون أن تنكحوهن} رغبة أحدكم عن يتيمته التي تكون في حجره حين تكون قليلة المال والجمال فنهوا أن ينكحوا ما رغبوا في مالها من يتامى النساء إلا بالقسط من أجل رغبتهم عنهن
Muslim narrated it in the tafsir, hadith: 6/3018, from the hadith of Ibn Wahb, and Bukhari narrated it in partnerships, in the chapter on the partnership of the orphan and heirs, hadith: 2494, from the hadith of Yunus bin Yazid, through the same route, and it is in Kubra, hadith: 5514.