Saad bin Hisham asked Ibn Abbas about the witr prayer.Ibn Abbas said, "Shall I direct you to the person on earth most knowledgeable about the witr of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?"Saad replied, "Yes."Ibn Abbas said, "It is Ayesha. Go to her and ask her, then return to me and tell me what she answers."So I went to Hakeem bin Aflah and asked him to take me to her.He said, "I will not go near her. I forbade her from saying anything about these two factions, but she insisted on going forward in this matter."I pressed him with an oath, so he came with me and entered her presence.She said to Hakeem, "Who is this with you?"I said, "Saad bin Hisham."She asked, "Hisham son of whom?"I said, "Son of Amir."She prayed for mercy upon him and said, "What an excellent man Amir was."I said, "Mother of the Believers, tell me about the character of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ."She said, "Do you not read the Quran?"I said, "Yes."She said, "The character of the Prophet of Allah ﷺ was the Quran."I was about to rise, but then it occurred to me to ask about the night prayer of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. So I said, "Mother of the Believers, tell me about the night prayer of the Prophet of Allah ﷺ."She said, "Do you not recite this surah, 'O you who is wrapped in garments'? [Muzzammil 73:1]"I said, "Yes."She said, "Allah made the night prayer obligatory at the beginning of this surah, so the Prophet of Allah ﷺ and his companions stood in prayer for a year until their feet became swollen. Allah
withheld its conclusion in heaven for twelve months, then Allah
sent down the relief at the end of this surah, so the night prayer became voluntary after having been obligatory."I was about to rise, but then it occurred to me to ask about the witr of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. So I said, "Mother of the Believers, tell me about the witr of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ."She said, "We used to prepare his toothstick and water for purification, and Allah
would rouse him whenever He willed during the night. He would use the toothstick, perform ablution, and pray eight units, not sitting except at the eighth, where he would sit and remember Allah
and supplicate, then he would give the salam in a way we could hear. Then he would pray two units while seated after giving the salam, then he would pray one unit. That made eleven units, my son. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ grew older and gained weight, he would perform witr with seven units and pray two units while seated after giving the salam. That made nine units, my son. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed a prayer, he loved to be constant in it, and if sleep, illness, or pain prevented him from praying at night, he would pray twelve units during the day. I do not know that the Prophet of Allah ﷺ ever recited the entire Quran in a single night, nor stood in prayer through an entire night until morning, nor fasted a complete month other than Ramadan."So I went to Ibn Abbas and reported her account to him.He said, "She has spoken the truth. Indeed, if I were able to visit her, I would have gone to her so she could speak to me directly, face to face."Abu Abdul-Rahman said, This is how it appears in my book, and I do not know from whom the error came regarding the description of his witr.
أخبرنا محمد بن بشار قال حدثنا يحيى بن سعيد عن سعيد عن قتادة عن زرارة عن سعد بن هشام أنه لقي
عن الوتر فقال ألا أنبئك بأعلم أهل الأرض بوتر رسول الله ﷺ قال نعم قال عائشة ائتها فسلها ثم ارجع إلي فأخبرني بردها عليك فأتيت على حكيم بن أفلح فاستلحقته إليها فقال ما أنا بقاربها إني نهيتها أن تقول في هاتين الشيعتين شيئا فأبت فيها إلا مضيا فأقسمت عليه فجاء معي فدخل عليها فقالت لحكيم من هذا معك قلت سعد بن هشام قالت من هشام قلت ابن عامر فترحمت عليه وقالت نعم المرء كان عامرا قال يا أم المؤمنين أنبئيني عن خلق رسول الله ﷺ قالت أليس تقرأ القرآن قال قلت بلى قالت فإن خلق نبي الله ﷺ القرآن فهممت أن أقوم فبدا لي قيام رسول الله ﷺ فقال يا أم المؤمنين أنبئيني عن قيام نبي الله ﷺ قالت أليس تقرأ هذه السورة يا أيها المزمل قلت بلى قالت فإن الله عز وجل افترض قيام الليل في أول هذه السورة فقام نبي الله ﷺ وأصحابه حولا حتى انتفخت أقدامهم وأمسك الله عز وجل خاتمتها اثني عشر شهرا ثم أنزل الله عز وجل التخفيف في آخر هذه السورة فصار قيام الليل تطوعا بعد أن كان فريضة فهممت أن أقوم فبدا لي وتر رسول الله ﷺ فقلت يا أم المؤمنين أنبئيني عن وتر رسول الله ﷺ قالت كنا نعد له سواكه وطهوره فيبعثه الله عز وجل لما شاء أن يبعثه من الليل فيتسوك ويتوضأ ويصلي ثماني ركعات لا يجلس فيهن إلا عند الثامنة يجلس فيذكر الله عز وجل ويدعو ثم يسلم تسليما يسمعنا ثم يصلي ركعتين وهو جالس بعد ما يسلم ثم يصلي ركعة فتلك إحدى عشرة ركعة يا بني فلما أسن رسول الله ﷺ وأخذ اللحم أوتر بسبع وصلى ركعتين وهو جالس بعد ما سلم فتلك تسع ركعات يا بني وكان رسول الله ﷺ إذا صلى صلاة أحب أن يدوم عليها وكان إذا شغله عن قيام الليل نوم أو مرض أو وجع صلى من النهار اثنتي عشرة ركعة ولا أعلم أن نبي الله ﷺ قرأ القرآن كله في ليلة ولا قام ليلة كاملة حتى الصباح ولا صام شهرا كاملا غير رمضان فأتيت ابن عباس فحدثته بحديثها فقال صدقت أما إني لو كنت أدخل عليها لأتيتها حتى تشافهني مشافهة قال أبو عبد الرحمن كذا وقع في كتابي ولا أدري ممن الخطأ في موضع وتره عليه السلام
Muslim collected it, Prayer of the Traveler, chapter on the comprehensive account of night prayer and one who sleeps through it or is sick, hadith 746, from the report of Saeed bin Abu Aruba. Abu Dawud collected it, Prayer, chapter on night prayer, hadith 1343, from Muhammad bin Bashshar with the same chain. It is also found in Kubra, hadith 1294, abridged up to "if it was an obligatory prayer."