Usama bin Zayd reported,

Usama bin Zayd reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ once rode a donkey covered with a Fadak blanket, with Usama bin Zayd seated behind him, going to visit Saad bin Ubada among the Banu Harith bin Khazraj. This was before the Battle of Badr.He said that the Prophet passed by a gathering in which Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul was present. This was before Abdullah bin Ubayy embraced Islam. The gathering was a mixed group of Muslims, idol-worshipping polytheists, and Jews. Abdullah bin Rawaha was also among them.When the dust raised by the donkey reached the gathering, Abdullah bin Ubayy covered his nose with his cloak and said, "Do not stir up dust on us."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ greeted them, then stopped, dismounted, called them to Allah, and recited the Quran to them.Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul said, "Sir, nothing could be better than what you say if it is true, but do not trouble us with it in our gathering. Return to your mount, and whoever comes to you, recite it to him."Abdullah bin Rawaha said, "On the contrary, Messenger of Allah, do come to us with it in our gatherings, for we love that."Then the Muslims, the polytheists, and the Jews began trading insults until they were nearly at each other's throats. The Prophet ﷺ kept calming them down until they quieted. Then the Prophet ﷺ mounted his animal and rode on until he entered upon Saad bin Ubada.The Prophet ﷺ said to him, "Saad, did you not hear what Abu Hubab said?" meaning Abdullah bin Ubayy. "He said such and such."Saad bin Ubada replied, "Messenger of Allah, pardon him and overlook what he did. By the One who revealed the Book to you, Allah has indeed brought the truth that He sent down upon you. The people of this region had agreed to crown him and bind the turban of leadership around his head. When Allah prevented that with the truth He has given you, he choked on it, and that is what made him behave as you saw."So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ pardoned him.The Prophet ﷺ and his companions used to pardon the polytheists and the People of the Book, as Allah had commanded them, and they bore patiently with the harm they suffered. Allah عز وجل said, "And you shall certainly hear from those who were given the Scripture before you, and from those who associate others with Allah, much abuse" [Aal Imran 3:186]. And Allah said, "Many of the People of the Book wish they could turn you back to disbelief after you have believed, out of envy from themselves" [Baqarah 2:109] to the end of the verse.The Prophet ﷺ used to apply the pardon Allah had commanded him to show, until Allah granted permission concerning them. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fought at Badr, and Allah killed through him the chiefs of the disbelievers of Quraysh, Ibn Ubayy bin Salul and those polytheists and idol-worshippers with him said, "This is a matter that has now prevailed." So they pledged allegiance to the Messenger ﷺ upon Islam, and they embraced Islam.

Bukhari 4566

Sahih

حدثنا أبو اليمان أخبرنا شعيب عن الزهري قال أخبرني عروة بن الزبير أن

أسامة بن زيد رضي الله عنهما

أخبره أن رسول الله ﷺ ركب على حمار على قطيفة فدكية وأردف أسامة بن زيد وراءه يعود سعد بن عبادة في بني الحارث بن الخزرج قبل وقعة بدر قال حتى مر بمجلس فيه عبد الله بن أبي ابن سلول وذلك قبل أن يسلم عبد الله بن أبي فإذا في المجلس أخلاط من المسلمين والمشركين عبدة الأوثان واليهود والمسلمين وفي المجلس عبد الله بن رواحة فلما غشيت المجلس عجاجة الدابة خمر عبد الله بن أبي أنفه بردائه ثم قال لا تغبروا علينا فسلم رسول الله ﷺ عليهم ثم وقف فنزل فدعاهم إلى الله وقرأ عليهم القرآن فقال عبد الله بن أبي ابن سلول أيها المرء إنه لا أحسن مما تقول إن كان حقا فلا تؤذنا به في مجلسنا ارجع إلى رحلك فمن جاءك فاقصص عليه فقال عبد الله بن رواحة بلى يا رسول الله فاغشنا به في مجالسنا فإنا نحب ذلك فاستب المسلمون والمشركون واليهود حتى كادوا يتثاورون فلم يزل النبي ﷺ يخفضهم حتى سكنوا ثم ركب النبي ﷺ دابته فسار حتى دخل على سعد بن عبادة فقال له النبي ﷺ يا سعد ألم تسمع ما قال أبو حباب يريد عبد الله بن أبي قال كذا وكذا قال سعد بن عبادة يا رسول الله اعف عنه واصفح عنه فوالذي أنزل عليك الكتاب لقد جاء الله بالحق الذي أنزل عليك لقد اصطلح أهل هذه البحيرة على أن يتوجوه فيعصبوه بالعصابة فلما أبى الله ذلك بالحق الذي أعطاك الله شرق بذلك فذلك فعل به ما رأيت فعفا عنه رسول الله ﷺ وكان النبي ﷺ وأصحابه يعفون عن المشركين وأهل الكتاب كما أمرهم الله ويصبرون على الأذى قال الله عز وجل {ولتسمعن من الذين أوتوا الكتاب من قبلكم ومن الذين أشركوا أذى كثيرا} الآية وقال الله {ود كثير من أهل الكتاب لو يردونكم من بعد إيمانكم كفارا حسدا من عند أنفسهم} إلى آخر الآية وكان النبي ﷺ يتأول العفو ما أمره الله به حتى أذن الله فيهم فلما غزا رسول الله ﷺ بدرا فقتل الله به صناديد كفار قريش قال ابن أبي ابن سلول ومن معه من المشركين وعبدة الأوثان هذا أمر قد توجه فبايعوا الرسول ﷺ على الإسلام فأسلموا

البخاري 4566صحيح
Contents
Reference
Commentary
Ayat
Collection
Sahih Bukhari
Book
Tafsir
Chapter
And you will surely hear from those who were given the Scripture before you and from those who associate others with Allah much abuse
Numbering
Darussalam 4566
Bukhari 4566