The Prophet ﷺ was sent as a prophet at the age of forty. He remained in Mecca for thirteen years receiving revelation, then he was commanded to migrate. He lived in Medina for ten years after the migration, and he died at the age of sixty-three.
بعث النبي ﷺ لأربعين سنة، فمكث بمكة ثلاث عشرة يوحى إليه، ثم أمر بالهجرة، فهاجر عشر سنين، ومات وهو ابن ثلاث سنين.
Bukhari narrated it in the Virtues of the Ansar (3902) from Matar bin Fadl, who said, Rawh narrated to us, who said, Hisham narrated to us, who said, Ikrima narrated to us, from Ibn Abbas, and he mentioned it.On this subject, it is also reported that Abdullah bin Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was in Makkah when he was commanded to emigrate, and there was revealed to him, "And say, 'My Lord, cause me to enter a sound entrance and to bring me out a sound exit, and grant me from Yourself a supporting authority.'" [Isra 17:80]Tirmidhi (3139), Ahmad (1948), Hakim (3/3), and Bayhaqi in Dalail (2/516) all narrated it, all of them from the hadith of Jareer, from Qabus, from his father, from Ibn Abbas, and he mentioned it. Qabus bin Abu Dhubyan is disputed, though the prevailing view is that he is daif due to his poor memory. For this reason Ibn Hibban said, "He had poor memory and would narrate things alone from his father that have no basis."So his emigration took place in the month of Rabi Awwal, in the thirteenth year of his
mission, and this occurred on a Monday. It is reported from Ibn Abbas that he said, "Your Prophet was born on a Monday, he left Makkah on a Monday, he was given prophethood on a Monday, he entered Madinah on a Monday, he died on a Monday, and the Black Stone was raised on a Monday."Imam Ahmad (2506), Tabarani (12984), and Bayhaqi in Dalail (7/233) narrated it, all of them through routes from Abdullah bin Lahia, from Khalid bin Abu Imran, from Hanash Sanani, from Ibn Abbas, and he mentioned it. Abdullah bin Lahia is subject to well-known criticism, and some parts of this report are unique to him.As for what is reported from Ali bin Abu Talib, who said that the Prophet said to Jibreel, "Who will emigrate with me?" He said, "Abu Bakr Siddiq." This is disconnected. Hakim narrated it (5/3) from the hadith of Abu Bakhtari, from Ali, and he mentioned it, saying, "The isnad and the text are sahih." I say, rather it is disconnected, for Abu Bakhtari, who is Saeed bin Fayruz Tai, never met Ali and never saw him, as stated by Shuba, Bukhari, Abu Zura, and others. Hafiz bin Asakir said, "Extremely rare in transmission." Ibn Adi said in Kamil (6/2291), "This is invalid with this isnad."