The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, while a group of his companions were gathered around him, "Pledge allegiance to me that you will not associate anything with Allah, that you will not steal, that you will not commit adultery, that you will not kill your children, that you will not bring forth any slander you have fabricated between your hands and feet, and that you will not disobey in what is right. Whoever among you fulfills this, his reward is with Allah. Whoever commits any of these and is punished for it in this world, that punishment is an expiation for him. And whoever commits any of these and Allah conceals it, his affair rests with Allah. If He wills, He pardons him, and if He wills, He punishes him."So we pledged allegiance to him on these terms.
- أن رسول الله ﷺ قال: وحوله عصابة من أصحابه-بايعوني على أن لا تشركوا بالله شيئا، ولا تسرقوا، ولا تزنوا، ولا تقتلوا أولادكم، ولا تأتوا ببهتان تفترونه بين أيديكم وأرجلكم، ولا تعصوا في معروف، فمن وفي منكم فأجره على الله، ومن أصاب من ذلك شيئا فعوقب في الدنيا فهو كفارة له، ومن أصاب من ذلك شيئا ثم ستره الله فهو إلى الله إن شاء عفا عنه، وإن شاء عاقبه. فبايعناه على ذلك.
Reported by Bukhari in the Book of Faith (18), and Muslim in the Book of Legal Punishments (1709), both from the hadith of Zuhri, from Abu Idris, from Ubada bin Samit, who related it. Ubada bin Samit was one of the leaders who gave the pledge of allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, as he said of himself, "I was one of the leaders who gave the pledge of allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ," and Bukhari (3893), and Muslim (44:1709).Ibn Ishaq mentioned, as recorded in Sirat bin Hisham (1/431), "Then, when the following year came, twelve men from the Ansar arrived for the pilgrimage season and met him at Aqaba." He said, this was the First Aqaba. "They gave the pledge of allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ according to the pledge of the women, and that was before fighting had been made obligatory upon them." His statement "the pledge of the women" refers to what came in Surah Mumtahanah, "O Prophet, when believing women come to you pledging to you that they will not associate anything with Allah, nor steal, nor commit adultery, nor kill their children, nor bring forth a slander they have invented, nor disobey you in what is right, then accept their pledge" [Mumtahanah 60:12], and there is no mention of fighting in it, because it was revealed after the truce of Hudaybiya.Ibn Ishaq then mentioned the names of the twelve men, who were1. Asaad bin Zurara bin Adas bin Ubayd bin Thalaba bin Ghanm bin Malik bin Najjar, from Khazraj. 2. Awf bin Harith bin Rifa bin Sawad, from Banu Najjar, from Khazraj. 3. Muaz bin Harith bin Rifa bin Sawad, from Banu Najjar, from Khazraj. 4. Rafi bin Malik bin Ajlan, from Banu Zurayq, from Khazraj. 5. Zakwan bin Abdu Qays, from Banu Zurayq, from Khazraj. 6. Ubada bin Samit bin Qays bin Asram, from Banu Awf, from Khazraj. 7. Abu Abdul-Rahman Yazid bin Thalaba bin Khazma, from Banu Awf, from Khazraj. 8. Abbas bin Ubada bin Nadla, from Banu Salim, from Khazraj. 9. Uqba bin Amir bin Nabi, from Banu Salama, from Khazraj. 10. Qutba bin Amir bin Hadida, from Banu Sawad, from Banu Salama, from Khazraj. 11. Abu Haytham bin Tayhan, whose name was Malik, from Aws. 12. Uwaym bin Saada, from Banu Aws.We note that of the twelve men, ten were from Khazraj and two were from Aws.Ibn Ishaq said, then they left after the pledge, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Musab bin Umayr with them.Ibn Ishaq said, "Asim bin Umar bin Qatada told me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ only sent him after them, for they had written to him saying that Islam had already spread among them, so he should send them a man from among his companions to teach them the Quran, instruct them in Islam, establish them in its sunnah and laws, and lead them in their prayer. So he sent Musab bin Umayr."Musab bin Umayr used to stay with Abu Umama Asaad bin Zurara, and Musab came to be called "the reciter" in Madinah. Abu Umama used to take him around to the homes of the Ansar, inviting them to Islam and instructing those among them who had accepted Islam. Recorded in Dalail by Bayhaqi (2/437), and in Sirat bin Hisham (1/434–435).Ibn Ishaq said, "Asim bin Umar bin Qatada told me that he used to lead them in prayer, because Aws and Khazraj were reluctant for one group to have one of its own lead the other in prayer."