Azami 7893

Bukhari narrated it in Jihad and Siyar (3029), and Muslim in Jihad and Siyar (1740:18), both through Abdullah bin Mubarak, who said, Muamar informed us, from Hammam bin Munabbih, from Abu Hurairah. The wording given here is Muslim's, and the other wording is Bukhari's.Similar in meaning is what was narrated from Kaab bin Malik, that the Prophet ﷺ, whenever he intended to go on a military expedition, would give a false impression of another destination, and he used to say, "War is deception." Abu Dawud narrated it (2637) from Muhammad bin Ubayd, who said, Ibn Thawr told us, from Muamar, from Zuhri, from Abdul-Rahman bin Kaab bin Malik, from his father. Then Abu Dawud said, "No one brought this except Muamar," meaning his saying "War is deception" with this chain, it is only narrated from the hadith of Amr bin Dinar, from Jabir, and from the hadith of Muamar, from Hammam bin Munabbih, from Abu Hurairah.I say, the two hadiths of Jabir and Abu Hurairah were both agreed upon by the two Shaykhs as mentioned above, just as they both agreed upon the hadith of Kaab bin Malik, though with them only the part about the false impression is found, without his saying "War is deception."On this subject there is also what was narrated from Anas bin Malik, that the Prophet ﷺ said, "War is deception." Ahmad narrated it (13341, 13342), and Fasawi in Marifa wa Tarikh (2/332), and Tabari in Tahzib Athar (212-213), through various routes from Safwan bin Amr, from Uthman bin Jabir, from Anas, who related it. In its chain is Uthman bin Jabir, also said to be Amr bin Uthman bin Jabir, from whom no one narrated except Safwan bin Amr Saksaki. Bukhari gave him an entry in Tarikh al-Kabir (6/215), and Ibn Abu Hatim in Jarh wa Tadil (6/145), and neither of them mentioned any criticism or endorsement of him. Ibn Hibban mentioned him in his Thiqat (5/155), but no one else corroborated Uthman on this.As for what was narrated from Ali, who said, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "War is deception," the more likely view is that it goes back to Ali himself and not to the Prophet. Nasai narrated it in the Kubra (8590), saying, Ubaydullah bin Saeed dictated to us in Nishapur, Abu Usama told us, Abu Kudayna told us (he is Yahya bin Muhallib), from Mutarrif (he is Ibn Tarif Kufi), from Shaybi, from Masruq, who said, "I heard Ali bin Abu Talib say, regarding something, 'Allah and His Messenger spoke true.' I said, 'This thing, did you hear it?' He said, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said...'" and he related the hadith.I say, more than one narrator related it from Abu Usama with this chain, and they did not mention in it "the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said." Among them Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Yahya bin Saeed Qattan, whose narration is found in Bazzar (537), and Ismail bin Ibrahim bin Muamar Hudhali, Abu Muamar, whose narration is found in Abdullah bin Ahmad's addition to Sunnah (1321).Likewise, others besides Masruq narrated it from Ali as attributable only to him and not raised to the Prophet, among them Suwayd bin Ghafla, whose narration is found in Bukhari (3611, 6930) and Muslim (1066), and their wording is, Ali said, "When I narrate to you from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, then for me to fall from the sky is dearer to me than to say about him what he did not say, but when I narrate to you something between me and you, then war is deception." And Abu Juhayfa, whose narration is found in Ahmad (1127).It was also narrated through another route from Ali, as in Musnad Ahmad and the additions of Abdullah to it (696, 697, 1034), but in it there is an unknown man, and another unnamed figure over whom there is disagreement. See its details in Ilal Daraqutni (3/227). The conclusion is that it goes back to Ali himself, not to the Prophet.Similar in meaning is what was narrated from Ayesha and attributed to the Prophet, "War is deception." Ibn Majah narrated it (2833), and Tirmidhi in Ilal al-Kabir (2/710), and Abu Awana (6537), through various routes from Yunus bin Bukayr, from Muhammad bin Ishaq, from Yazid bin Ruman, from Urwa, from Ayesha, who related it. In Abu Awana's version, "Yazid bin Ruman told me." Tirmidhi said, "I asked Muhammad about this hadith, and he said, 'Abdul-Rahman bin Bashir narrated this hadith from Muhammad bin Ishaq, from Abu Layla (he is Abdullah bin Sahl), from Ayesha.'"I say, Abu Hatim said about Abdul-Rahman bin Bashir, "His hadith is rejected, he narrates from Abu Ishaq more than one rejected report."Ibn Abu Shayba narrated it (12/530, and 14/424) from Waki and Abu Khalid Ahmar (he is Sulayman bin Hayan), both from Hisham bin Urwa, from his father, who said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said," with the chain missing the companion, and this is more likely correct. As for what Tabarani narrated in Awsat, and Ibn Adi in Kamil (5/1894), through the route of Hisham bin Urwa, from his father, from Ayesha, attributed to the Prophet, there is criticism in its chain, and this is not the place to elaborate on it.Similar in meaning also is what was narrated from Ibn Abbas and attributed to the Prophet, "War is deception." Ibn Majah narrated it (2834), and Abu Yaala (2504), and Abu Awana (6539), through the route of Matar bin Maymun, from Ikrima, from Ibn Abbas, who related it. Matar bin Maymun is a discarded narrator, and Busiri criticized the hadith on this basis in Misbah Zujaja.Similar in meaning also is what was narrated from Zayd bin Thabit and attributed to the Prophet, "War is deception." Tabarani narrated it in the Kabir (5/149), and Fasawi (1/376), and Abu Awana (6542), and in its chain is Fadala bin Mufaddal, about whom Abu Hatim said, "He was not fit to have knowledge written from him," and Aqeeli said, "There is something questionable in his hadith."