We visited Ubada bin Samit while he was ill and said, "May Allah restore your health. Narrate to us a hadith, that Allah may benefit you through it, which you heard from the Prophet ﷺ."He said, "The Prophet ﷺ called us and we pledged allegiance to him. Among the terms he took from us was that we pledged to listen and obey, in what we liked and what we disliked, in our hardship and our ease, and even when others were given preference over us, and that we would not contest the authority of those in charge unless you see clear disbelief concerning which you have proof from Allah."
دخلنا على عبادة بن الصامت، وهو مريض قلنا: أصلحك الله حدث بحديث- ينفعك الله به- سمعته من النبي ﷺ قال: دعانا النبي ﷺ فبايعناه فقال: فيما أخذ علينا أن بايعنا على السمع والطاعة في منشطنا ومكرهنا، وعسرنا ويسرنا وأثرة علينا، وأن لا ننازع الأمر أهله: إلا أن تروا كفرا بواحا عندكم من الله فيه برهان.
Bukhari reported it in the Book of Trials (7055), and Muslim in the Book of Governance (42:1709), both via Abdullah bin Wahb, who said, Amr bin Harith narrated to us, Bukayr narrated to me, from Busr bin Saeed, from Junada bin Abu Umaya, who said, then he mentioned it.His statement, "clear disbelief," bawah comes from the expression "the man made bah with something," meaning he made it apparent. It has two meanings. The first is open acts of disobedience. In this case, guidance and correction are required, so that the ruler may return to right conduct and correctness, but it is not permissible to rise up against him. The second is explicit disbelief, meaning apostasy, such as becoming Jewish or Christian. In this case, it is permissible to rise up against him, provided there is the ability to remove him.