Azami 7481

Daraqutni narrated it (4652), and Ahmad bin Mani in his Musnad, as found in Matalib Aliyah (1825), via Husayn bin Muhammad, who said, "Shayban narrated to us, from Ashath bin Abu Shatha, from Abdullah bin Abu Huzayl," and he mentioned it. Its chain is sahih.Abdullah here is Ibn Masud . Shayban is Ibn Abdul-Rahman, the grammarian of Basra. Husayn bin Muhammad is Marwazi. His saying "his jars" is the plural of dann, which is a large vessel.Abu Ubayd said, "Many reports have come down concerning drinks under different names, from the Prophet ﷺ and his companions, each with its own explanation. The first of these is wine, which is grape juice that has fermented and become strong. There is no disagreement among Muslims about its prohibition, the disagreement is only about the others."Another is sakar, which is a date-infusion untouched by fire, or the raw liquid of fresh dates that has fermented, become strong, and thrown off foam. Concerning it, it is reported from Abdullah bin Masud that he said, 'Sakar is wine.'"Another is bita, which is an infused drink made from honey. Another is jiah, an infused drink made from barley. Another is mizr, made from millet. Another is fadikh, which is what is pressed from unripe dates without being touched by fire." He said, "If ripe dates are mixed with the unripe ones, this is called the mixture of two kinds, and likewise if it is raisins and dates, it is the same."Among the drinks is munsaf, which is grape juice cooked before it ferments until half of it boils away. It has reached me that it can intoxicate, and if it intoxicates then it is forbidden. If it is cooked until two-thirds boils away and a third remains, it is called tila, so named because it resembles the tar used to coat camels in its thickness and blackness. Some Arabs consider tila to be wine itself. It is reported that Ubayd bin Abras said in a proverb of his, 'It is wine, nicknamed tila, just as the wolf is nicknamed Abu Jadah.'"He said, "Likewise badhaq, by which wine may also be called, as well as cooked wine. This is the term concerning which a hadith is reported from Ibn Abbas, that he was asked about badhaq and said, 'Muhammad came before badhaq, and whatever intoxicates is forbidden.'" Ibn Abbas said this because badhaq is a Persian word that had been Arabized, and he did not recognize it.Then he said, "In my view, all these named drinks are simply euphemisms for the name of wine, and I consider them to fall under the Prophet's ﷺ hadith, 'There will be people from my nation who drink wine under a different name they give it.'" He said, "This is further clarified by the statement of Umar bin Khattab , 'Wine is whatever clouds the mind.'" End of quote. See Sunan al-Kubra (8/295).Among the drinks is raisin-water infusion, a name for the raw liquid made from raisins soaked in water until their sweetness is drawn out, without cooking, until it ferments, becomes strong, and throws off foam. Another is jahawari, which is tila into which water is added until it thins and returns to its original quantity, then it is cooked briefly and becomes intoxicating.So every intoxicant is forbidden regardless of its type, for it is the wine forbidden in the Quran, the sunnah, and by consensus. This is the position of the people of Hijaz among the companions and the successors, and it was adopted by the leading jurists of the various regions who issued legal rulings, Malik, Layth, Shafii, Ahmad, Uzai, Abu Thawr, Ishaq, Dawud, and others. This is what the established reports from the Prophet ﷺ confirm, and what the language confirms regarding the meaning of wine, and it is the only thing the companions knew when the Quran was revealed prohibiting it.For more, see Minna Kubra (7/355–356).