Ali would give an order, and it would be carried out. Then it would be reported to him, "We have done such and such," and he would reply, "Allah and His Messenger spoke the truth."Ashtar said to him, "What you are saying has spread widely among the people. Is this something the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entrusted to you specifically?"Ali
answered, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not entrust to me anything privately, apart from the people, except for something I heard from him which is written on a parchment kept in the sheath of my sword."They kept pressing him until he produced the parchment. In it was written, "Whoever introduces an innovation or shelters one who has done so, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all people. No obligatory worship or voluntary worship will be accepted from him."It also contained, "Ibrahim made Makkah sacred, and I make Madinah sacred. The area between its two lava fields and all of its protected zone is sacred. Its grass is not to be cut, its game is not to be driven away, its lost property is not to be picked up except by one who will announce it, none of its trees are to be cut except for a man to feed his camel, and weapons are not to be carried in it for fighting."It also contained, "The believers' lives are equal in worth. The lowest of them may extend protection on behalf of all, and they stand united against any outsider. Indeed, no believer is to be killed in retaliation for a disbeliever, nor is one under a covenant to be killed while his covenant stands."
أن عليا رضي الله عنه كان يأمر بالأمر فيؤتي، فيقال: قد فعلنا كذا وكذا، فيقول: صدق الله ورسوله. قال: فقال له الأشتر: إن هذا الذي تقول قد تفشخ في الناس، أفشيء عهده إليك رسول الله ﷺ؟ قال علي رضي الله عنه: ما عهد إلي رسول الله ﷺ شيئاخاصة دون الناس إلا شيء سمعته منه فهو في صحيفة في قراب سيفي، قال: فلم يزالوا به حتى أخرج الصحيفة، قال: فإذا فيها: من أحدث حدثا أو آوى محدثا فعليه لعنة الله والملائكة والناس أجمعين لا يقبل منه صرف ولا عدل قال: وإذا فيها: إن إبراهيم حرم مكة وإني أحرم المدينة حرام ما بين حرتيها، وحماها كله، لا يختلي خلاها، ولا ينفر صيدها ولا تلتقط لقطتها إلا لمن أشار بها، ولا تقطع منها شجرة إلا أن يعلف رجل بعيره، ولا يحمل فيها السلاح لقتال. قال: وإذا فيها: المؤمنون تتكافأ دماؤهم ويسعى بذمتهم أدناهم، وهم يد على من سواهم، ألا لا يقتل مؤمن بكافر، ولا ذو عهد في عهده.
Imam Ahmad (959) narrated it, and the wording given here is his, along with Abu Dawud (2035) and Nasai (4745) and Ahmad (959), all of them through the route of Hammam, who said, Qatada informed us, from Abu Hassan, and he related it.Abu Hassan did not hear directly from Ali. However, in Ahmad's version, the elevated portion of the hadith is reported by Ashtar from Ali bin Abu Talib, and Ashtar is among those who did hear from him.Abu Hassan is Muslim bin Abdullah al-Ajrad, who is well known by his kunya.As for his saying "tafashagha," it means it spread and became widespread.