Zaynab said, "I went to visit Umm Habiba, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, when her father Abu Sufyan bin Harb died. Umm Habiba called for a perfume containing a yellow tint, either khaluq or something else, and applied it to a young servant girl. Then she rubbed some of it on her own cheeks and said, 'By Allah, I have no need for perfume, but I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for any deceased person more than three nights, except for a husband, for whom she mourns four months and ten days."'"This is the first version.Zaynab said, "Then I went to visit Zaynab bint Jahsh, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, when her brother died. She called for perfume and applied some of it, then said, 'By Allah, I have no need for perfume, but I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for any deceased person more than three nights, except for a husband, for whom she mourns four months and ten days."'"This is the second version.
حميد بن نافع روى ثلاثة احاديث عن زينب بنت ابي سلمة. وذكر اثنان منها في ٦٦٦١ وواحد في ٦٦٦٢.
قالت زينب: دخلت علي أم حبيبة، زوج النبي ﷺ حين توفى أبوها أبو سفيان بن حرب. فدعت أم حبيبة بطيب فيه صفرة خلوق أو غيره. فدهنت به جارية. ثم مسحت بعارضيها. ثم قالت: والله، ما لي بالطيب من حاجة، غير أني سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: لا يحل لامرأة تؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر أن تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث ليال. إلا على زوج أربعة أشهر وعشرا (هذا أولها) قالت زينب: ثم دخلت على زينب بنت جحش، زوج النبي ﷺ حين توفى أخوها، فدعت بطيب فمست منه. ثم قالت: والله ما لي بالطيب من حاجة غير أني سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: لا يحل لامرأة تؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر أن تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث ليال، إلا على زوج أربعة أشهر وعشرا (هذا ثانيها)
Malik related it in al-Talaq (101-102) from Abdullah bin Abu Bakr bin Muhammad bin Amr bin Hazm, from Humayd bin Nafi, with this chain, and he narrated it. Bukhari related it in al-Talaq (5335-5334) and Muslim in al-Talaq (1486-1489), both through the route of Malik, with the same chain, similarly.The jurisprudence of this chapter, the Shariah has set a fixed period for mourning for a woman whose husband has died, whether she is free or an enslaved woman, whether older or younger, four months and ten days, while for anyone other than a husband it is three days. This is a matter of consensus, except that the people of Kufa do not hold that mourning is required for an enslaved woman or for a young girl.The majority of scholars also agreed that mourning applies only to a woman whose husband has died, so there is no mourning period for a divorced woman, whether the divorce is revocable or final. This differs from the position of the people of Kufa, who said that mourning is required for a woman who has been finally divorced or divorced with an irrevocable divorce. This is because during this period her husband is not permitted to remarry her until she marries another husband after her waiting period ends, just as no one else may marry her until her waiting period is over. So for her to adorn herself during this period would lead to temptation.As for mourning for men, nothing has come from the Shariah regarding it. The Prophet ﷺ only said, at the death of his son Ibrahim, "The eye weeps and the heart grieves, but we say only what pleases our Lord, and indeed we are grieved by your parting, O Ibrahim."Mourning was legislated for women as a remembrance of the beautiful days she lived with her husband, and to ensure the womb is free of pregnancy even if she is past childbearing age, and because a woman is quick to be affected emotionally. If the period of mourning were not fixed, a woman might continue mourning indefinitely and never remarry, so the Shariah set this fixed duration for her. This differs from the man, for he may have wives and children for whom he is responsible, and so he cannot devote himself to mourning.