Azami 6507

Muslim related it in the Book of Marriage (1365, 88), from Abu Bakr bin Abu Shayba, who said, Shababa narrated to us, who said, Sulayman narrated to us, from Thabit, from Anas, and he related it.What can be learned from these hadiths is as follows.1- His saying "al-khamees" means the army, because it consists of five elements, the vanguard, the rearguard, the right flank, the left flank, and the center. This is an old term predating Islam.2- Then Dihyah came to him (with either a kasra or a fatha on the dal), he is the son of Khalifa bin Farwa al-Kalbi, from Khazraj. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to liken Dihyah to Jibreel .3- Then he took Safiya bint Huyayy, chief of Qurayza and Nadir. Nadir was the son of Nahham bin Tahum, from Banu Israil, from the tribe of Harun bin Imran, and her mother was Barra bint Samwal. Safiya had been married to Sallam bin Mishkam, then Kinana bin Abu al-Huqayq took her after him, and he was killed on the day of Khaybar. So they said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, she is fit for none but you."4- His saying, "the Messenger of Allah ﷺ bought her for seven heads," means he gave him seven slave-girls to soothe his heart, not that any actual sale and purchase took place.5- Then he handed her over to Umm Salim. Anas said, "Then he handed her over to my mother and said to her, 'Prepare her.'"6- His saying, "and she observed her waiting period in his house," was so that her womb could be confirmed empty, since she had previously been married. It is most likely that she was in the days of her menstruation at the time and became pure a day or two later.7- His saying, "he freed her and married her," means he made her freedom her dowry. Shafii, Ahmad, Ishaq, and others held this view based on the apparent meaning of this hadith. Abu Hanifa and Malik disagreed with them, saying that a stipulation attached to manumission is not permissible, for once she is freed she becomes a free woman and is therefore entitled to a dowry. They regarded the story of Safiya as specific to the Prophet ﷺ, because it was permissible for him ﷺ to marry without a dowry, on account of the words of Allah Most High, "and a believing woman, if she offers herself to the Prophet, if the Prophet wishes to marry her, exclusively for you, not for the believers" [Ahzab 33:50]. If he married her, she would be entitled to a dowry equivalent to that of her peers.8- It is permissible to cooperate in preparing a wedding feast.9- A wedding feast is permissible without meat.10- The term for a newly-wed applies equally to the husband and the wife.11- The wedding feast takes place after the consummation of the marriage, but it is also permissible before consummation, without any significant disagreement, based on the general meaning of the Prophet's ﷺ saying, "Hold a wedding feast, even if only with a sheep," since he did not specify whether it should be before or after consummation.12- Regarding the one who frees a slave-girl and then marries her, he has two rewards. The word "then" carries an additional meaning, namely that he first frees her, so she becomes free, and then marries her with her consent and in keeping with the conditions of marriage. These meanings are absent from the story of Safiya, unless "then" is taken in the sense of "and," meaning he freed her and married her.13- "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stumbled, and she stumbled," means the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fell from the mount, just as Safiya also fell, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ shielded her from view.14- They said, "May Allah cast the Jewess far away." This was said by the young slave-girls, as in another narration, out of their love for the Prophet ﷺ, and because he had originally been harmed on account of this Jewess, and they did not realize that she had already become Muslim and had become one of the Mothers of the Believers.