Azami 4746

Bukhari narrated it in the chapter on the Penalty for Game (1860), saying, Ahmad bin Muhammad (he is Azraqi) said to me, Ibrahim narrated to us, from his father, from his grandfather, that Umar gave permission to the wives of the Prophet, and then he mentioned the hadith. His saying, "said to me," is taken as indicating a connected chain.A note. If it is said that Uthman and Abdul-Rahman are not unmarriageable male relatives to the wives of the Prophet, so how did they go out to Hajj with the two of them?The answer is that all believing men are unmarriageable relatives to them with respect to marriage, because Allah forbade that forever in His saying, "nor shall you marry his wives after him, ever" [Ahzab 33:53], and because they are the mothers of the believers, as He says, "The Prophet is closer to the believers than their own selves, and his wives are their mothers" [Ahzab 33:6]. That pertains to honoring and respecting them as mothers, not to permitting seclusion with them or forbidding marriage to their daughters.So when the risk of temptation is removed, and the caliph of the Muslims arranges for them the means of travel, such as transport, food, drink, and the company of trustworthy women accompanied by their husbands, it becomes permissible for them to go out on the journey of Hajj, as happened to them in the time of Umar. They likewise sought permission from Uthman for Hajj, and he said, "I will take you all for Hajj." So he took all of them for Hajj except Zaynab, who had already died, and except Sawda, for she did not leave her house after the Prophet.The jurisprudence of the hadith. The hadiths of this chapter establish the requirement of an unmarriageable male relative for Hajj.Abu Dawud said, I said to Ahmad, "A wealthy woman who has no such relative, is Hajj obligatory upon her?" He said, No.He also said, "The unmarriageable male relative is part of the means [required for the journey]." The proponents of reasoned opinion held the same view.Shafii said, "The unmarriageable male relative is not a condition for Hajj under any circumstance, and she may go out with a free, trustworthy Muslim woman." Malik likewise said, she may go out with a group of women. Uzai said, "She may go out with a group of upright men."The first view is supported by decisive evidence, and therefore Ibn Munzir said, "They abandoned the plain wording of the hadith, and each of them stipulated a condition for which he has no proof, neither for it nor against it."The considerations of the sacred law also require the presence of an unmarriageable male relative on journeys generally, and on the journey of Hajj in particular, because of the dangers and harassment a woman may be exposed to while traveling.As for the variation in the mention of days in the aforementioned hadiths, ranging from one day to three days, the minimum is a day and a night, and there is no upper limit. The mention of days varies in these hadiths according to the different purposes of the journey.