Azami 3552

Bukhari narrated it in tafsir (4892) from Abu Muamar, he said, Abdul-Warith narrated to us, he said, Ayub narrated to us, from Hafsa bint Sirin, from Umm Atiya, who said, and she mentioned it. This wording is Bukhari's.Nasai added, "When I wanted to pledge allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, a woman helped me in mourning during the Jahiliyyah, so let me go and help her, then I will come and pledge allegiance to you.'" He said, "Go and help her." She said, "So I went and helped her, then I came and pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ."Muslim narrated it in Funerals (33/936) through another route, from Asim, from Hafsa, with his chain, and this is its wording, from Umm Atiya, who said, "When this verse was revealed, "They pledge to you that they will not associate anything with Allah, nor steal, nor commit unlawful sexual intercourse, nor kill their children, nor bring forth a slander they have invented between their hands and feet, nor disobey you in what is right" [Mumtahina 60:12]," she said, "among that was wailing."She said, "So I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, except for the family of so-and-so, for they helped me in mourning during the Jahiliyyah, and I must help them in return.'" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Except for the family of so-and-so."Umm Salama Al-Ansariyya narrated, "One of the women said, 'What is this "right" which we should not disobey you in?'" He said, "Do not wail." I said, "O Messenger of Allah, the sons of so-and-so helped me in mourning for my uncle, and I must repay them." But he refused me. So I went to him repeatedly, and he permitted me to repay them. I have not wailed afterward for their brother or for anyone else, up to this very moment, and there was not a woman among them left who had not wailed except me.Tirmidhi narrated it (3307) from Abd bin Humayd, he said, Abu Naeem narrated to us, he said, Yazid bin Abdullah Shaybani narrated to us, he said, I heard Shahr bin Hawshab say, "Umm Salama Al-Ansariyya narrated to us," and he mentioned it. Tirmidhi said, "Hasan, and in it there is Umm Atiya ." Abd bin Humayd said, "Umm Salama Al-Ansariyya is Asma bint Yazid bin Sakan."Ibn Majah narrated it (1579) through another route, from Waki, from Yazid bin Abdullah, the freed slave of Sahba, with his chain, in abridged form.I say, the story goes back to Umm Atiya. In the chain is Shahr bin Hawshab, who is a disputed narrator.His saying, "Except for the family of so-and-so," was found problematic by many scholars, because wailing is forbidden according to the view of the majority of scholars, so how could Umm Atiya be permitted to do it?Qurtubi mentioned in Mufhim several interpretations, and he favored that this was a matter of disapproval, like when he said to a person seeking permission to enter, who said, "It is I," and he said, "I, I," disapproving of him. He said, "What indicates the soundness of this interpretation is what Nasai added in a hadith with the same meaning as the hadith of Umm Atiya, where he said, 'There is no mutual help in wailing in Islam,' meaning in mourning." End of quote.Al-Hafiz, after listing many opinions, favored that the closest answer is that it was permissible, then it became disliked in the sense of mild disapproval, then forbidden. Fath al-Bari (8/639).The meaning of "isaad" (mutual help) is a woman joining another in wailing, taking turns with her, and this is specific to this meaning, and it is not used except regarding weeping and helping in it. It is said that the origin of "musaada" is a man placing his hand on the forearm of his companion when cooperating in something. See Fath al-Bari.Umm Atiya's statement, "So a woman withdrew her hand," and in al-Ahkam (7215), "So a woman among us withdrew her hand," meaning herself, its meaning was problematic for the scholars. What appears from combining the wordings of the hadith of the pledge is that she extended her hand for the pledge, then withdrew it, that is, when she remembered that the Prophet ﷺ did not shake hands with women.