Azami 2881

Malik narrated it in "Shortening the Prayer While Traveling" (2) from Abu Zubayr Makki, from Abu Tufayl Amir bin Wathila, from Muaz bin Jabal, mentioning it in a long hadith that will come later in the Book of Miracles. Abu Zubayr is a mudallis, but he explicitly stated the mode of transmission (tahdith) with Muslim (53/706), for he narrated it through Qurra bin Khalid, who said, Abu Zubayr told us, Amir bin Wathila told us, Muaz bin Jabal told us, and mentioned it. In it he said, "So I said, 'What led him to do that?' He said, 'He wanted not to burden his community.'"A detailed version of this hadith has come with Abu Dawud (1208), who narrated it from Yazid bin Khalid bin Yazid bin Abdullah bin Mawhab Ramli Hamdani, who said, Mufaddal bin Fadala and Layth bin Saad told us, from Hisham bin Saad, from Abu Zubayr, from Abu Tufayl, from Muaz bin Jabal, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, during the expedition of Tabuk, whenever the sun had passed its zenith before he set out, would combine Dhuhr and Asr, and if he set out before the sun had passed its zenith, he would delay Dhuhr until he stopped for Asr. The same applied at Maghrib, if the sun set before he set out, he would combine Maghrib and Isha, and if he set out before the sun set, he would delay Maghrib until he stopped for Isha, then combine the two. This chain is hasan, on account of Hisham bin Saad Madani.As for what Abu Dawud (1208), Tirmidhi (553), Bayhaqi (163/3), and Ibn Hibban (1458, 1593) all narrated from the hadith of Qutayba bin Saeed, who said, Layth informed us, from Yazid bin Abu Habib, from Abu Tufayl Amir bin Wathila, from Muaz bin Jabal, mentioning it in the same manner, this is not preserved. The imams found fault with it on the grounds that Qutayba bin Saeed was alone in transmitting it through this chain and erred in it. Bukhari indicated that some weak narrators had inserted it upon him, as reported by Hakim in Marifat Ulum Hadith (p. 183).Abu Hatim Razi said, "What I hold is that one hadith became mixed into another for him, Abu Salih told us, Layth told us, from Hisham bin Saad, from Abu Zubayr, from Abu Tufayl, from Muaz."Daraqutni mentioned Qutayba's hadith in his book Al-Ilal (42/6) and pointed to the narration of Layth from Hisham bin Saad, giving it preference, saying, "Mufaddal bin Fadala narrated it, from Layth, from Hisham bin Saad, from Abu Zubayr, from Abu Tufayl, from Muaz, with this very story, and this is closer to being correct." He said it this way, "Mufaddal bin Fadala from Layth," but the correct wording is "and Layth," for Layth was a peer of his, not one of his teachers, and Mizzi did not list him among his teachers.From this it can be understood that the criticism these imams directed at the hadith was aimed only at Qutayba's version. That is why Bayhaqi said in Sunan (163/3), "What they objected to in this was only the narration of Yazid bin Abu Habib from Abu Tufayl, but as for the narration of Abu Zubayr from Abu Tufayl, it is preserved and sahih."I say, the narration of Abu Zubayr came both in summary and in detail, and there is no contradiction between them. The practice of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ strengthens the detailed version. Ibn Munzir reported it from Saad bin Abu Waqqas, Usama bin Zayd, Ibn Umar, Ibn Abbas, and Abu Musa Ashari. Among the successors, Tawus, Mujahid, and Ikrima held it. Among the jurist imams, Malik, Ahmad, Ishaq, and Abu Thawr held it, and it is also the position of Abu Yusuf and Muhammad bin Hasan. Bayhaqi also reported it from Umar bin Khattab and Uthman.See Al-Majmu (371/4). Among these were those who were with the Prophet ﷺ during the expedition of Tabuk and witnessed him combining prayers by bringing forward and delaying them. It cannot be imagined that they did that merely as personal reasoning, bringing a prayer forward before its time, for Allah Most High says, "Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers at fixed times" [Nisa 4:103].Tirmidhi related from Shafii, Ahmad, and Ishaq that they said, "There is no harm in combining the two prayers while traveling within the time of one of them."