The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed the afternoon prayer and gave the closing salutation after only three units. He then entered his home, and a man called al-Khirbaq, who had long arms, stood up and approached him.He said, "Messenger of Allah," and pointed out to him what he had done.The Prophet ﷺ came out angry, dragging his cloak, until he reached the people and asked, "Is what this man says true?"They replied, "Yes."So he prayed one more unit, then gave the closing salutation, performed two prostrations, and gave the closing salutation again.
أن رسول الله ﷺ صلى العصر فسلم في ثلاث ركعات، ثم دخل منزله، فقام إليه رجل يقال له الخرباق، وكان في يديه طول، فقال: يا رسول الله! فذكر له صنيعه، وخرج غضبان يجر رداءه حتى انتهى إلى الناس فقال: أصدق هذا؟ قالوا: نعم. فصلى ركعة، ثم سلم، ثم سجد سجدتين، ثم سلم.
Muslim narrated it in the Book of Mosques (574) via Abdul-Wahhab Thaqafi and Ismail bin Ibrahim (known as Ibn Ulaya), both of them from Khalid Haddan, from Abu Qilaba, from Abu Muhallab, from Imran bin Husayn, and he mentioned something similar. Ashath bin Abdul-Malik Hamrani diverged from this in narrating it from Muhammad bin Sirin, from Khalid Haddan, adding to it, "then he recited the tashahhud, then gave the salam." Abu Dawud (1039) narrated it through his route, as did Tirmidhi (395), who said, "hasan gharib," and Hakim (1/323), who said, "sahih according to the standard of the two shaykhs, though they did not include it. They only agreed on the hadith of Khalid Haddan, from Abu Qilaba, which contains no mention of the tashahhud for the two prostrations of forgetfulness."I say, this narration includes Abu Muhallab, the paternal uncle of Abu Qilaba, for whom Bukhari did not narrate, though Muslim did narrate from him. As for Ashath bin Abdul-Malik, although he is trustworthy, he contradicted the memorizers who transmitted from Ibn Sirin, for what is preserved from Ibn Sirin in the hadith of Imran contains no mention of the tashahhud. For this reason, Bayhaqi and Ibn Abdul-Barr declared it daif. Ibn Hibban said, "Ibn Sirin narrated nothing else from Khalid besides this hadith."Sarraj narrated through the route of Alqama, regarding this incident, "I said to Ibn Sirin, 'What about the tashahhud?' He said, 'I have not heard anything about the tashahhud.'" Ibn Munzir said, "I do not think the tashahhud in the prostrations of forgetfulness is established." The Hafiz classified Ashath's addition as shadh (anomalous). See Fath al-Bari (3/98-99).Bukhari titled a chapter, "Chapter on one who did not recite the tashahhud in the two prostrations of forgetfulness," and included in it the hadith of Dhul-Yadayn, which states, "So he prayed two more units, then gave the salam, then said the takbir and prostrated as he had prostrated before, or longer, then rose." He said, Sulayman bin Harb told us, Hammad told us, from Salama bin Alqama, who said, "I said to Muhammad (Ibn Sirin), 'Is there a tashahhud in the two prostrations of forgetfulness?' He said, 'It is not mentioned in the hadith of Abu Hurairah.'" End of quote.I say, there is a detail regarding this matter. Bukhari's chapter heading matches the hadith he narrated through the route of Muhammad bin Sirin, from Abu Hurairah, who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished his prayer after two units, and Dhul-Yadayn spoke to him, and he mentioned the hadith, in which he prostrated the two prostrations of forgetfulness after the salam and did not recite the tashahhud in them.Abu Dawud (1010) narrated through the route of Salama bin Alqama, from Muhammad bin Sirin, from Abu Hurairah, who said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in prayer," matching the wording of Hammad entirely, up to his statement, "I was informed that Imran bin Husayn said, 'Then he gave the salam.'" He said, "I asked, 'What about the tashahhud?' He said, 'I have not heard anything about the tashahhud, though I would prefer that one recite it.'"The scholars differ on this matter. Tirmidhi related from Ahmad and Ishaq that whoever prostrates the two prostrations of forgetfulness after the salam should recite the tashahhud. This is also the view of some of the Malikis and Shafiis.I say, as for one who prostrates the two prostrations of forgetfulness before the salam, the majority hold that he does not recite the tashahhud, since the first tashahhud already suffices for it.