We set out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the time of Hudaybiyah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked, "Who will keep watch for us?"Bilal replied, "I will."But they all slept until the sun rose. The Prophet ﷺ woke up and said, "Do as you used to do."He said, "So we did."The Prophet ﷺ then said, "This is what should be done by anyone who sleeps through a prayer or forgets it."
أقبلنا مع رسول الله ﷺ زمن الحديبية، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: من يكلؤنا فقال بلال: أنا، فناموا حتى طلعت الشمس، فاستيقظ النبي ﷺ فقال: افعلوا كما كنتم تفعلون قال: ففعلنا، قال: فكذلك فافعلوا لمن نام أو نسي.
Abu Dawud narrated it (447) from Muhammad bin Muthanna, Muhammad bin Jafar told us, Shuba told us, from Jami bin Shaddad, I heard Abdul-Rahman bin Abu Alqama, I heard Abdullah bin Masud, and he mentioned the hadith. Its chain of transmission is sahih.Abdul-Rahman bin Abu Alqama is also called Abdul-Rahman bin Alqama. He belongs to the taabiin, though it is also said that he had companionship with the Prophet.His words, "Do as you used to do," mean, as you used to pray at the proper time, with ablution, the call to prayer, the second call, and the prayer itself.The details of this have come in a hadith narrated by Ibn Hibban in his Sahih, from the report of Qasim bin Abdul-Rahman, from his father, from Abdullah bin Masud, who said,"We traveled one night with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and we said, 'O Messenger of Allah, if only we camped on the ground for the night and slept, and let our mounts graze.' He said, 'Then who will guard us?' I said, 'I will.' Sleep overcame my eyes, and nothing woke me until the sun had risen, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not wake up until we spoke. He then ordered Bilal, who gave the call to prayer, then the second call, and he led us in prayer." End of narration.See Nasb Raya (1/282).There are other hadiths on this subject, but they are not sahih. Among them is the hadith of Bilal found in Bazzar, which contains a break in its chain, the hadith of Dhu Mikhbar Habashi found in Abu Dawud, which contains Yazid bin Salih or Sulayh, who is graded "acceptable," and the hadith of Ibn Abbas found in Abu Yaala and Bazzar, though the correct view is that Masruq narrated it as a mursal report, as found in Ibn Abu Shayba (2/82).