I said to Umar bin Abdul-Aziz, "So-and-so, a man from the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, narrated to me," and Umar recognized him.I continued, "He told me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Modesty, chastity, reticence of tongue (not reticence of heart), and deep understanding are part of faith. They increase one's portion in the Hereafter and diminish one's portion in this world, but what they add to the Hereafter is greater. Foul speech, harshness, and stinginess are part of hypocrisy. They increase one's portion in this world and diminish one's portion in the Hereafter, but what they take away from the Hereafter is greater.'"
قلت لعمر بن عبد العزيز: حدثني فلان- رجل من أصحاب رسول الله ﷺ- فعرفه عمر، قلت: حدثني أن رسول الله ﷺ قال: إن الحياء والعفاف والعي- عي اللسان لا عي القلب- والفقة من الإيمان، وهن مما يزدن في الآخرة، وينقصن من الدنيا، وما يزدن في الآخرة أكثر، وإن البذاء والجفاء والشح من النفاق، وهن مما يزدن في الدنيا، وينقصن في الآخرة، وما ينقضن في الآخرة أكثر.
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Darimi (526) narrated it from Husayn bin Mansur, from Abu Usama, from Abu Ghifar Muthanna bin Saeed Tai, who said, my father told me from Awn bin Abdullah, who said, and then he related it. Its chain of transmission is hasan because of Muthanna bin Saeed, who is also said to be Ibn Saad Tai, for he is one whose hadith is hasan.Similar in meaning is what has been narrated from Abu Umama from the Prophet ﷺ, who said, "Modesty and inarticulacy are two branches of faith, while foul speech and eloquence are two branches of hypocrisy." Tirmidhi (2027), Ahmad (22312), and Hakim (1/8) all narrated it through the route of Muhammad bin Mutarrif, from Hassan bin Atiya, from Abu Umama Bahili, and then he related it.Its chain contains a break, for Hassan bin Atiya never met Abu Umama, as most scholars have explicitly stated. As for Hakim, he looked only at the surface of the chain and said, "It is sahih according to the criteria of the two Shaykhs, though they did not include it, and they both relied on all of its narrators as proof." Tirmidhi said, "This is a hasan gharib hadith, we know it only through the hadith of Abu Ghassan Muhammad bin Mutarrif."He then explained the hadith, saying, "Inarticulacy is speaking little, foul speech is coarseness in speech, and eloquence is speaking excessively, like those orators who deliver lengthy speeches, elaborating and showing off their eloquence by praising people in ways that do not please Allah."