Marwan was governor over the Hijaz, appointed by Muawiya. He delivered a sermon in which he kept mentioning Yazid bin Muawiya, so that allegiance would be pledged to him after his father.Abdul-Rahman bin Abu Bakr said something to him, so Marwan ordered, "Seize him!"But he entered Ayesha's house, and they could not get hold of him.Marwan then said, "This is the one about whom Allah revealed, 'And the one who says to his parents, Shame upon you both! Do you promise me...'" [Ahqaf 46:17].Ayesha called out from behind the curtain, "Allah has revealed nothing of the Quran concerning us, except that Allah revealed my vindication."
قال كان مروان على الحجازاستعمله معاوية، فخطب فجعل يذكر يزيد بن معاوية، لكي يبايع له بعد أبيه، فقال له عبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر شيئا، فقال: خذوه. فدخل بيت عائشة فلم يقدروا عليه، فقال مروان: إن هذا الذي أنزل الله فيه: {والذى قال لوالديه أف لكما أتعدانني}. فقالت عائشة من وراء الحجاب: ما أنزل الله فينا شيئا من القرآن إلا أن الله أنزل عذري.
Bukhari narrated it in the tafsir (4827), from Musa bin Ismail, who said, Abu Awana narrated to us, from Abu Bishr, from Yusuf bin Mahak, who said, then he mentioned it.The correct view is that this verse was revealed about a disbeliever who was undutiful to his parents, as indicated by what Allah says afterward, "Those are the ones about whom the word has come into effect" [Ahqaf 46:18], meaning that punishment has become due upon them. Abdul-Rahman bin Abu Bakr was a believer and one of the finest of the Muslims, so he cannot be among those for whom the word of punishment has come into effect.