When we arrived at Medina, we ate from its fruits and they did not agree with us, so we fell ill with fever. The Prophet ﷺ was seeking news about Badr. When word reached us that the polytheists had set out, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ marched to Badr. Badr was a well, and the polytheists reached it before us. There we found two of their men, one from Quraysh and a freedman of Uqba bin Abu Muayt. The man from Quraysh escaped, but we captured Uqba's freedman.We began asking him, "How many are the enemy?"He replied, "By Allah, they are many in number and fierce in might."Whenever he said this, the Muslims would beat him, until they brought him to the Prophet ﷺ.The Prophet ﷺ asked him, "How many are the enemy?"He answered, "By Allah, they are many in number and fierce in might."The Prophet ﷺ pressed him to tell him their exact number, but he refused. Then the Prophet ﷺ asked him how many camels they slaughtered each day.He said, "Ten every day."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The enemy numbers a thousand. Each camel feeds a hundred, along with their followers."Then during the night a light drizzle of rain fell upon us, so we went under the trees and shields to shelter from the rain. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ spent the night calling upon his Lord , saying, "O Allah, if You destroy this band, You will not be worshipped."When dawn broke, he called out, "Prayer, servants of Allah!" The people came from beneath the trees and shields, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in prayer and urged us to fight. Then he said, "The host of Quraysh is gathered beneath this red ridge of the mountain."When the enemy drew near and we formed our ranks against them, suddenly there was a man from among them on a red camel moving through their ranks. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Ali, call Hamza for me," for Hamza was the closest of them to the polytheists, "and find out who the man on the red camel is and what he is saying to them." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If there is anyone among that host who counsels good, it may well be the man on the red camel."Hamza came back and said, "It is Utba bin Rabia. He is forbidding them to fight, telling them, 'My people, I see a people who have come ready to die. You will not reach them while any good remains in you. My people, lay this matter on my head today, and say that Utba bin Rabia turned coward. You know well that I am not the most cowardly among you.'"Abu Jahl heard this and said, "You say this? By Allah, if anyone other than you said it I would make him bite into something bitter. Your lungs have filled your chest with terror."Utba retorted, "Do you taunt me, you with the yellow backside? Today you will see which of us is the coward."Then Utba came forth, along with his brother Shayba and his son Walid, in fury, and called out, "Who will come forward to fight in single combat?"Six young men of the Ansar stepped out, but Utba said, "We do not want these. Let our cousins from Banu Abdul-Muttalib face us."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Stand, Ali. Stand, Hamza. Stand, Ubayda bin Harith bin Abdul-Muttalib."Allah Most High killed Utba and Shayba, the two sons of Rabia, and Walid bin Utba, and Ubayda was wounded. We killed seventy of them and captured seventy.A short man from the Ansar brought Abbas bin Abdul-Muttalib as a prisoner. Abbas said, "Messenger of Allah, by Allah, this man did not capture me. I was captured by a bald man, the most handsome of people in face, on a piebald horse. I do not see him among these people."The Ansari said, "I captured him, Messenger of Allah."The Prophet ﷺ said, "Be silent, for Allah Most High has supported you with a noble angel."Ali
said, "So we took prisoners, and from Banu Abdul-Muttalib we captured Abbas, Aqeel, and Nawfal bin Harith."
حدثنا حجاج حدثنا إسرائيل عن أبي إسحاق عن حارثة بن مضرب
لما قدمنا المدينة أصبنا من ثمارها فاجتويناها وأصابنا بها وعك وكان النبي ﷺ يتخبر عن بدر فلما بلغنا أن المشركين قد أقبلوا سار رسول الله ﷺ إلى بدر وبدر بئر فسبقنا المشركون إليها فوجدنا فيها رجلين منهم رجلا من قريش ومولى لعقبة بن أبي معيط فأما القرشي فانفلت وأما مولى عقبة فأخذناه فجعلنا نقول له كم القوم فيقول هم والله كثير عددهم شديد بأسهم فجعل المسلمون إذ قال ذلك ضربوه حتى انتهوا به إلى النبي ﷺ فقال له كم القوم قال هم والله كثير عددهم شديد بأسهم فجهد النبي ﷺ أن يخبره كم هم فأبى ثم إن النبي ﷺ سأله كم ينحرون من الجزر فقال عشرا كل يوم فقال رسول الله ﷺ القوم ألف كل جزور لمائة وتبعها ثم إنه أصابنا من الليل طش من مطر فانطلقنا تحت الشجر والحجف نستظل تحتها من المطر وبات رسول الله ﷺ يدعو ربه عز وجل ويقول اللهم إنك إن تهلك هذه الفئة لا تعبد قال فلما أن طلع الفجر نادى الصلاة عباد الله فجاء الناس من تحت الشجر والحجف فصلى بنا رسول الله ﷺ وحرض على القتال ثم قال إن جمع قريش تحت هذه الضلع الحمراء من الجبل فلما دنا القوم منا وصاففناهم إذا رجل منهم على جمل له أحمر يسير في القوم فقال رسول الله ﷺ يا علي ناد لي حمزة وكان أقربهم من المشركين من صاحب الجمل الأحمر وماذا يقول لهم ثم قال رسول الله ﷺ إن يكن في القوم أحد يأمر بخير فعسى أن يكون صاحب الجمل الأحمر فجاء حمزة فقال هو عتبة بن ربيعة وهو ينهى عن القتال ويقول لهم يا قوم إني أرى قوما مستميتين لا تصلون إليهم وفيكم خير يا قوم اعصبوها اليوم برأسي وقولوا جبن عتبة بن ربيعة وقد علمتم أني لست بأجبنكم فسمع ذلك أبو جهل فقال أنت تقول هذا والله لو غيرك يقول هذا لأعضضته قد ملأت رئتك جوفك رعبا فقال عتبة إياي تعير يا مصفر استه ستعلم اليوم أينا الجبان قال فبرز عتبة وأخوه شيبة وابنه الوليد حمية فقالوا من يبارز فخرج فتية من الأنصار ستة فقال عتبة لا نريد هؤلاء ولكن يبارزنا من بني عمنا من بني عبد المطلب فقال رسول الله ﷺ قم يا علي وقم يا حمزة وقم يا عبيدة بن الحارث بن عبد المطلب فقتل الله تعالى عتبة وشيبة ابني ربيعة والوليد بن عتبة وجرح عبيدة فقتلنا منهم سبعين وأسرنا سبعين فجاء رجل من الأنصار قصير بالعباس بن عبد المطلب أسيرا فقال العباس يا رسول الله إن هذا والله ما أسرني لقد أسرني رجل أجلح من أحسن الناس وجها على فرس أبلق ما أراه في القوم فقال الأنصاري أنا أسرته يا رسول الله فقال اسكت فقد أيدك الله تعالى بملك كريم فقال علي رضي الله عنه فأسرنا وأسرنا من بني عبد المطلب العباس وعقيلا ونوفل بن الحارث
Its chain of transmission is sahih. Hafiz bin Kathir cited it in his Tarikh 3:277-278, and said, "This is a hasan account, and it contains corroborating evidence for what has preceded and what will follow. Imam Ahmad alone narrated it in full, while Abu Dawud narrated part of it from the hadith of Israil." It also appears in Majma al-Zawaid 6:75-76, where it is said, "Ahmad and Bazzar narrated it, and the men of Ahmad's chain are the men of sahih narrations, except for Haritha bin Mudarrib, who is trustworthy." Tabari also narrated it in his Tarikh 2/269 from Harun bin Ishaq, from Musab bin Miqdam, from Israil.Fajtawaynaha, "we were afflicted by jawa," which is illness, an internal ailment when it becomes prolonged, occurring when the climate of a place does not suit people and they find it unwholesome, as stated in Nihayah.Al-wak, with a silent ayn, means fever, or the pain a person feels from severe exhaustion.Yatakhabbar means to seek information, as in the expressions "takhabbara al-khabar" and "istakhbara," meaning to ask about news in order to learn it.Al-jazur is a she-camel that has been slaughtered, though the term applies to both male and female, and it is treated as feminine because the word itself is feminine. Its plurals are jazair, juzur, and juzurat, with the jim and ra vowelled with damma in the last two forms. In manuscript J it reads "kam yanharuna min al-jazur" in the singular, and we have corrected it based on manuscript K.Al-hajaf, with two fathas, is the plural of hajafah, meaning a shield.Al-dala, with kasra on the dad and fatha on the lam, is a small, isolated hill that is not elongated, resembling a rib.Isbuha bi rasi, "tie it to my head" - it is stated in Nihayah, "He means the disgrace that would attach to them for abandoning the fight and inclining toward peace, so he left it implicit, relying on his listeners' understanding, meaning, 'associate this matter with me, and attribute it to me, even if it is shameful.'"Laadadtuhu, meaning, "I would have said to him, 'bite your father's private part.'"Ya musaffira istahu, "O yellow-buttocked one" - in Nihayah, "He accused him of the vice of sodomy, and said that he used to dye his buttocks with saffron." It has also been said that this is an expression used against a pampered, luxury-raised person who has not been toughened by hardships and trials.Ubayda bin Harith bin Muttalib bin Abd Manaf embraced Islam early on. He was the eldest of the sons of Abd Manaf's descendants, being ten years older than the Messenger of Allah. He was wounded on the day of Badr and died afterward. His biography appears in Ibn Saad 3/1/34-35 and Isabah 4:209-211.Ubayda is a diminutive form. In manuscripts J and K it reads "Ibn Abdul-Muttalib," but the addition of "Abd" is a copying error, which we have corrected based on manuscript H, and based on Ibn Kathir, Zawaid, and the reference works on the biography of the Prophet and biographical dictionaries.Al-rajul al-ajlah is a man whose hair has receded from both sides of his head.Al-faras al-ablaq is a horse in which the white markings extend up to its thighs.See also page 208.