The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If a man becomes bankrupt while owing money to others, and one of them finds his own goods still intact in the bankrupt man's possession, he has a greater right to them than anyone else."
حدثنا محمد بن جعفر حدثنا شعبة عن قتادة عن النضر بن أنس عن بشير بن نهيك
عن رسول الله ﷺ قال إذا أفلس رجل بمال قوم فرأى رجل متاعه بعينه فهو أحق به من غيره
Its chain of transmission is sahih. Muslim narrated it, 3/1194, no. 1509, in the chapter on musaqah, on one who finds what he sold in the possession of the buyer, with similar wording.