When the verse "Whoever does evil will be recompensed for it" [Nisa 4:123] was revealed, it weighed heavily upon the Muslims and affected them deeply, as much as Allah willed. They complained about this to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to them, "Strive for moderation and aim for what is right. Every misfortune that befalls a Muslim is an expiation, even a stumble that he suffers."
حدثنا سفيان حدثني ابن محيصن شيخ من قريش سهمي سمعه من محمد بن قيس بن مخرمة
لما نزلت {من يعمل سوءا يجز به} شقت على المسلمين وبلغت منهم ما شاء الله أن تبلغ فشكوا ذلك إلى رسول الله ﷺ فقال لهم رسول الله ﷺ قاربوا وسددوا فكل ما يصاب به المسلم كفارة حتى النكبة ينكبها
Its chain of transmission is sahih. Ibn Muhaysin: Muslim said in his Sahih, following this hadith, "He is Umar bin Abdul-Rahman bin Muhaysin, from the people of Makkah." Tirmidhi said something similar after narrating it. He was the reciter of the people of Makkah, a contemporary of Ibn Kathir, and he recited under Mujahid and others. He is trustworthy. Ibn Hibban mentioned him among the trustworthy narrators, p. 547, saying, "Umar bin Abdul-Rahman bin Muhaysin Sahmi Qurashi, Abu Hafs, narrates from Safiya [meaning the daughter of Shayba], and Ibn Uyayna and Abdullah bin Muammal narrated from him. His mother was married to Muttalib bin Abu Wada Sahmi." Ibn Abu Hatim also gave his biography, 121/1/3. In Tahdheeb, 4:474, quoting from Bukhari, "Some said, 'Muhammad bin Abdul-Rahman.'" It appears to me that this statement lacks solid grounding, which is why Muslim and Tirmidhi, in their respective books, explicitly stated that his name was Umar. Nevertheless, Ibn Jazari gave him a biography in Tabaqat Qurra, 2:167, and Imad in Shadharat, 1:162, under the name Muhammad. Musab, in his book Nasab Quraysh, p. 407, confused his name and made him "Abdul-Rahman bin Muhaysin"! Ibn Hazm followed him in this, in Jamharat Ansab, p. 155, and added further confusion to his lineage, as we have established in footnote number 5 of the book Nasab Quraysh.Muhammad bin Qays bin Makhrama: He is Muhammad bin Qays bin Makhrama bin Muttalib bin Abd Manaf bin Qusayy, as his lineage is established in Nasab Quraysh by Musab, 92. He is a trustworthy tabii. Abu Dawud and Ibn Hibban both affirmed his reliability. Bukhari gave him a biography in Kabir, 1/1/212, and the Hafiz, in Tahdheeb, quoted from Askari that this Muhammad encountered the Prophet while still young, which is why he was given a biography in Isabah, 6:155. As for Ibn Abu Hatim, he gave him a biography in Jarh wa Tadil, but confused his lineage and conflated his biography with that of another narrator, 4/1/63, under entries 280 and 282.The hadith was narrated by Muslim, 2:282, and Tirmidhi, 4:94, both through the route of Ibn Uyayna, with this chain of transmission, and both added, "and the thorn that pricks him." Tirmidhi said, "This is a hasan gharib hadith." Similarly, Tabari narrated it in Tafsir, 5:188, Bulaq edition, in similar wording, through the route of Sufyan bin Uyayna, with the same chain. Bukhari alluded to it in Kabir, in the biography of Muhammad bin Qays, with his characteristically brief allusion, saying, "From Abu Hurairah, from the Prophet ﷺ, 'Whoever does evil will be recompensed for it,' he said, meaning calamities. Humaydi told me this, from Ibn Uyayna, from Umar bin Abdul-Rahman bin Muhaysin, from Muhammad bin Qays."Ibn Kathir mentioned it in Tafsir, 2:589–590, from the book of Saeed bin Mansur, who narrated it from Sufyan bin Uyayna with this chain of transmission. Ibn Kathir said, "This is likewise how Ahmad narrated it, from Sufyan bin Uyayna, and Muslim, Tirmidhi, and Nasai narrated it from the hadith of Sufyan bin Uyayna, through him." See also what has already appeared in Musnad Abu Bakr, 23, 68.