I recited to Ibn Umar, "who created you from weakness, then made after weakness strength, then made after strength weakness" [Rum 30:54].He corrected me, "Allah is the One who created you from weakness, then made after weakness strength, then made after strength weakness" [Rum 30:54].Then he said, "I recited it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ just as you recited it to me, and he corrected me just as I have corrected you."
حدثنا وكيع عن فضيل ويزيد قال أخبرنا فضيل بن مرزوق
قرأت على ابن عمر {الذي خلقكم من ضعف ثم جعل من بعد ضعف قوة ثم جعل من بعد قوة ضعفا} فقال {الله الذي خلقكم من ضعف ثم جعل من بعد ضعف قوة ثم جعل من بعد قوة ضعفا} ثم قال قرأت على رسول الله ﷺ كما قرأت علي فأخذ علي كما أخذت عليك
Its isnad is daif, due to the weakness of Atiya Awfi, as we explained in 3010. Ibn Kathir transferred this hadith in the Tafsir 6:447 from this passage, and said, "Abu Dawud and Tirmidhi related it, and Tirmidhi graded it hasan, from the hadith of Fudayl, transmitted through him." Abu Dawud also related it from the hadith of Abdullah bin Jabir, from Atiya, from Abu Saeed, in similar wording.This difference between the two readings, between what Atiya recited and what Ibn Umar taught as the recitation, concerns the word "daf" (weakness). Atiya read it with a fatha on the dad, while Ibn Umar taught it with a damma on it. Baghawi said in the Tafsir, "The damma is the dialect of Quraysh, and the fatha is the dialect of Tamim."In Lisan Arab 11:106, it is related that Ibn Umar said, "I recited before the Prophet ﷺ, "It is Allah who created you from weakness", and he had me recite it as 'min duf' with a damma."Ibn Jazari said in Nashr 2:331, regarding the recitation of this word, "There is a difference of opinion concerning Hafs. Ubayd and Amr related from him that he chose the damma in this word, differing from Asim, on account of the hadith he related from Fudayl bin Marzuk, from Atiya Awfi, from Ibn Umar, as a raised hadith going back to the Prophet. We have also related from him through several routes that he said, 'I did not differ with Asim in anything in the Quran except in this word.'" Ibn Jazari then related this hadith with his own chain going back to Ahmad bin Hanbal, from this very passage in the Musnad.