Yahya bin Yamar reported,

The first person to speak about divine decree in Basra was Mabad al-Juhani. Humayd bin Abdul-Rahman al-Himyari and I set out for Hajj or Umrah, and we said to one another, "If only we could meet one of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and ask him about what these people are saying regarding divine decree."Allah granted us the opportunity to meet Abdullah bin Umar as he was entering the mosque. My companion and I positioned ourselves on either side of him, and I assumed my companion would let me do the talking, so I said, "Abu Abdul-Rahman, some people have appeared among us who recite the Quran and pursue knowledge eagerly, and they claim that there is no divine decree and that matters unfold without prior decree."He replied, "When you meet those people, tell them that I have nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with me. By the One whom Abdullah bin Umar swears by, if one of them possessed gold equal to Mount Uhud and spent it all, Allah would not accept it from him until he believes in divine decree."Then he said, "Umar bin Khattab told me, 'While we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, a man suddenly appeared before us. His clothes were intensely white and his hair intensely black. No trace of travel could be seen on him, yet none of us recognized him. He sat down before the Prophet ﷺ, pressed his knees against the Prophet's knees, placed his palms on the Prophet's thighs, and said,"Muhammad, tell me about Islam."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ answered, "Islam is to testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish prayer, to give zakat, to fast Ramadan, and to perform pilgrimage to the House if you are able to find a way."The man said, "You have spoken the truth."We were amazed at him, questioning the Prophet and then confirming his answers.Then he said, "Tell me about faith."The Prophet replied, "It is to believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day, and to believe in divine decree, both its good and its evil."The man said, "You have spoken the truth. Now tell me about excellence."He answered, "It is to worship Allah as though you see Him, and though you do not see Him, He surely sees you."The man said, "Tell me about the Hour."The Prophet replied, "The one being asked knows no more about it than the one asking."The man said, "Then tell me about its signs."He said, "That a slave woman will give birth to her mistress, and that you will see barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings."Then the man departed. I waited for three days, and then the Prophet ﷺ said, "Umar, do you know who the questioner was?"I said, "Allah and His Messenger know best."He said, "That was Jibreel. He came to teach you your religion."'"

حدثنا عبيد الله بن معاذ حدثنا أبي حدثنا كهمس عن ابن بريدة

عن يحيى بن يعمر قال

كان أول من تكلم في القدر بالبصرة معبد الجهني فانطلقت أنا وحميد بن عبد الرحمن الحميري حاجين أو معتمرين فقلنا لو لقينا أحدا من أصحاب رسول الله ﷺ فسألناه عما يقول هؤلاء في القدر فوفق الله لنا عبد الله بن عمر داخلا في المسجد فاكتنفته أنا وصاحبي فظننت أن صاحبي سيكل الكلام إلي فقلت أبا عبد الرحمن إنه قد ظهر قبلنا ناس يقرءون القرآن ويتفقرون العلم يزعمون أن لا قدر والأمر أنف فقال إذا لقيت أولئك فأخبرهم أني بريء منهم وهم برآء مني والذي يحلف به عبد الله بن عمر لو أن لأحدهم مثل أحد ذهبا فأنفقه ما قبله الله منه حتى يؤمن بالقدر ثم قال حدثني عمر بن الخطاب قال بينما نحن عند رسول الله ﷺ إذ طلع علينا رجل شديد بياض الثياب شديد سواد الشعر لا يرى عليه أثر السفر ولا نعرفه حتى جلس إلى النبي ﷺ فأسند ركبتيه إلى ركبتيه ووضع كفيه على فخذيه وقال يا محمد أخبرني عن الإسلام فقال رسول الله ﷺ الإسلام أن تشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمدا رسول الله وتقيم الصلاة وتؤتي الزكاة وتصوم رمضان وتحج البيت إن استطعت إليه سبيلا قال صدقت قال فعجبنا له يسأله ويصدقه قال فأخبرني عن الإيمان قال أن تؤمن بالله وملائكته وكتبه ورسله واليوم الآخر وتؤمن بالقدر خيره وشره قال صدقت قال فأخبرني عن الإحسان قال أن تعبد الله كأنك تراه فإن لم تكن تراه فإنه يراك قال فأخبرني عن الساعة قال ما المسئول عنها بأعلم من السائل قال فأخبرني عن أماراتها قال أن تلد الأمة ربتها وأن ترى الحفاة العراة العالة رعاء الشاء يتطاولون في البنيان قال ثم انطلق فلبثت ثلاثا ثم قال يا عمر هل تدري من السائل قلت الله ورسوله أعلم قال فإنه جبريل أتاكم يعلمكم دينكم