The Messenger of Allah ﷺ owned Fadak. He used to spend from its produce, support the young children of Banu Hashim from it, and arrange marriages for the unmarried among them with it. Fatimah asked him to give it to her, but he declined. It remained this way during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ until he passed away.When Abu Bakr assumed authority, he managed it just as the Prophet ﷺ had done during his lifetime, until he too passed away.When Umar assumed authority, he handled it in the same manner as both of them, until he passed away. Then Marwan was granted it as a fief, and afterward it came into the possession of Umar bin Abdul-Aziz.Umar, meaning Ibn Abdul-Aziz, said, "I have come to see that something the Messenger of Allah ﷺ withheld from Fatimah, peace be upon her, is not rightfully mine. I call you to witness that I have returned it to the state it was in," meaning during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
حدثنا عبد الله بن الجراح حدثنا جرير عن المغيرة قال جمع
إن رسول الله ﷺ كانت له فدك فكان ينفق منها ويعود منها على صغير بني هاشم ويزوج منها أيمهم وإن فاطمة سألته أن يجعلها لها فأبى فكانت كذلك في حياة رسول الله ﷺ حتى مضى لسبيله فلما أن ولي أبو بكر رضي الله عنه عمل فيها بما عمل النبي ﷺ في حياته حتى مضى لسبيله فلما أن ولي عمر عمل فيها بمثل ما عملا حتى مضى لسبيله ثم أقطعها مروان ثم صارت لعمر بن عبد العزيز قال عمر يعني ابن عبد العزيز فرأيت أمرا منعه رسول الله ﷺ فاطمة عليها السلام ليس لي بحق وأنا أشهدكم أني قد رددتها على ما كانت يعني على عهد رسول الله ﷺ
No references are available.
[Its chain is daif] Bayhaqi related it: 6/301, from the hadith of Abu Dawud, with the same chain. * The chain is disconnected.