The Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote a document on zakat but did not send it out to his agents before he passed away. He had attached it to his sword. When he died, Abu Bakr acted upon it until he died, and Umar acted upon it until he died.It contained the following: For every five camels, one sheep is due. For ten, two sheep. For fifteen, three sheep. For twenty, four sheep. For twenty-five up to thirty-five, a one-year-old female camel (bint makhad). If the number exceeds that, then a two-year-old female camel (bint labun) is due, up to forty-five. If it exceeds that, a three-year-old female camel (hiqqah) is due, up to sixty. If it exceeds that, a four-year-old female camel (jadhaah) is due, up to seventy-five. If it exceeds that, two two-year-old female camels are due, up to ninety. If it exceeds that, two three-year-old female camels are due, up to one hundred and twenty. If it exceeds one hundred and twenty, then for every fifty a hiqqah is due, and for every forty a bint labun.As for sheep, for every forty sheep, one sheep is due, up to one hundred and twenty. If the number exceeds that, two sheep are due, up to two hundred. If it exceeds that, three sheep are due, up to three hundred. If it exceeds three hundred, then for every hundred sheep, one sheep is due. After that, nothing further is due until the number reaches four hundred.Separated flocks are not to be combined, nor are combined flocks to be separated, out of fear of altering the zakat. When two partners share livestock, they settle their accounts equitably between themselves. An old or defective animal is not to be taken for zakat.Zuhri said, "When the zakat collector arrives, he divides the sheep into three portions, the best third, the middle third, and the worst third, and the collector takes from the middle." Zuhri did not mention cattle.
حدثنا زياد بن أيوب البغدادي وإبراهيم بن عبد الله الهروي ومحمد بن كامل المروزي المعنى واحد قالوا حدثنا عباد بن العوام عن سفيان بن حسين عن الزهري
أن رسول الله ﷺ كتب كتاب الصدقة فلم يخرجه إلى عماله حتى قبض فقرنه بسيفه فلما قبض عمل به أبو بكر حتى قبض وعمر حتى قبض وكان فيه في خمس من الإبل شاة وفي عشر شاتان وفي خمس عشرة ثلاث شياه وفي عشرين أربع شياه وفي خمس وعشرين بنت مخاض إلى خمس وثلاثين فإذا زادت ففيها ابنة لبون إلى خمس وأربعين فإذا زادت ففيها حقة إلى ستين فإذا زادت فجذعة إلى خمس وسبعين فإذا زادت ففيها ابنتا لبون إلى تسعين فإذا زادت ففيها حقتان إلى عشرين ومائة فإذا زادت على عشرين ومائة ففي كل خمسين حقة وفي كل أربعين ابنة لبون وفي الشاء في كل أربعين شاة شاة إلى عشرين ومائة فإذا زادت فشاتان إلى مائتين فإذا زادت فثلاث شياه إلى ثلاث مائة شاة فإذا زادت على ثلاث مائة شاة ففي كل مائة شاة شاة ثم ليس فيها شيء حتى تبلغ أربع مائة ولا يجمع بين متفرق ولا يفرق بين مجتمع مخافة الصدقة وما كان من خليطين فإنهما يتراجعان بالسوية ولا يؤخذ في الصدقة هرمة ولا ذات عيب و قال الزهري إذا جاء المصدق قسم الشاء أثلاثا ثلث خيار وثلث أوساط وثلث شرار وأخذ المصدق من الوسط ولم يذكر الزهري البقر
[Hasan]. Abu Dawud narrated it in the Book of Zakat, Chapter on the zakat of grazing livestock, hadith 1568, from the report of Abbad bin Awwam, in the same wording, and Ibn Khuzayma graded it sahih, hadith 2267.Sufyan bin Husayn was followed by Sulayman bin Kathir (Bayhaqi, 4/85), and Zuhri heard it from Salim, as mentioned in Marifat as-Sunan wal-Athar by Bayhaqi, 3/220.On this subject there are also reports from Abu Bakr Siddiq [Bukhari, hadith 1454], Bahz bin Hakeem from his father from his grandfather [Abu Dawud, hadith 1575], Abu Dharr [Ahmad, 5/179], and Anas [al-Mustadrak of Hakim, 1/390–392].