He came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "Messenger of Allah, teach me something to say when I go to my bed."He said, "Recite 'Say, you disbelievers,' for it is a declaration of freedom from shirk."Shuba said that sometimes he mentioned Mura and sometimes he did not.Musa bin Hizam narrated to us, Yahya bin Adam informed us, from Israil, from Abu Ishaq, from Farwa bin Nawfal, from his father, that he came to the Prophet ﷺ, and he related something similar in meaning. This version is more correct.Zuhayr also transmitted this hadith from Abu Ishaq, from Farwa bin Nawfal, from his father, from the Prophet ﷺ, in similar terms, and this is closer to the truth and more correct than Shuba's version. The companions of Abu Ishaq were inconsistent regarding this hadith. It has also been transmitted through a route other than this one, and Abdul-Rahman bin Nawfal transmitted it from his father, from the Prophet ﷺ. Abdul-Rahman is the brother of Farwa bin Nawfal.
حدثنا محمود بن غيلان حدثنا أبو داود قال أخبرنا شعبة عن أبي إسحق عن رجل
أتى النبي ﷺ فقال يا رسول الله علمني شيئا أقوله إذا أويت إلى فراشي قال اقرأ قل يا أيها الكافرون فإنها براءة من الشرك قال شعبة أحيانا يقول مرة وأحيانا لا يقولها حدثنا موسى بن حزام أخبرنا يحيى بن آدم عن إسرائيل عن أبي إسحق عن فروة بن نوفل عن أبيه أنه أتى النبي ﷺ فذكر نحوه بمعناه وهذا أصح وروى زهير هذا الحديث عن أبي إسحق عن فروة بن نوفل عن أبيه عن النبي ﷺ نحوه وهذا أشبه وأصح من حديث شعبة قد اضطرب أصحاب أبي إسحق في هذا الحديث وقد روي هذا الحديث من غير هذا الوجه وقد رواه عبد الرحمن بن نوفل عن أبيه عن النبي ﷺ وعبد الرحمن هو أخو فروة بن نوفل
Sourcing, hasan. Abu Dawud narrated it in the Book of Manners, chapter on what one says before sleeping, no. 5055, from the hadith of Abu Ishaq, from Farwa, from his father. Bukhari cited it as a suspended report in the Book of Marriage, under the chapter "and your stepdaughters who are in your care" [Nisa 4:23], and Ibn Hibban graded it sahih, no. 2363, 2364, as did Hakim, 1/565, 2/538, and Dhahabi agreed with him.The hadith of Zuhayr is found in Abu Dawud, no. 5055, and that of Abdul-Rahman bin Nawfal is found in Ibn Abu Shayba, 9/74, 10/249-250.