Tamim Dari reported,

Regarding this verse, "You who believe, when death approaches one of you, let testimony be taken among you" [Maidah 5:106], he said, "No one is free of involvement in this matter except myself and Adi bin Bidaa. The two of us were Christians who used to travel to Syria for trade before Islam. We went to Syria on a trading trip, and a freed slave of the Banu Hashim named Budayl bin Abu Maryam came to us with merchandise of his own, including a silver vessel he intended to sell to the king, which was the most valuable item in his trade. He fell ill and entrusted his affairs to us, instructing us to deliver what he left behind to his family."Tamim continued, "When he died, we took that vessel and sold it for a thousand dirhams, then Adi bin Bidaa and I divided the proceeds between us. When we reached his family, we handed over what we had with us, but they noticed the vessel was missing and asked us about it. We told them, 'He left nothing else, and he gave us nothing besides what we delivered.'"Tamim said, "After I embraced Islam following the arrival of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Medina, I felt the burden of sin from what I had done. I went to his family, told them the truth, and paid them five hundred dirhams, informing them that my companion held the same amount. They brought the matter before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who asked them for evidence, but they had none. He then instructed them to require an oath from him by what would be binding upon followers of his religion, and he swore the oath. Then Allah revealed, "You who believe, when death approaches one of you, let testimony be taken among you," up to His words, "or they will fear that oaths may be taken after their oaths" [Maidah 5:106–108]. Then Amr bin As and another man stood up and swore, and the five hundred dirhams were taken back from Adi bin Bidaa."

حدثنا الحسن بن أحمد بن أبي شعيب الحراني حدثنا محمد بن سلمة الحراني حدثنا محمد بن إسحق عن أبي النضر عن باذان مولى أم هانئ عن ابن عباس

عن تميم الداري

في هذه الآية {يا أيها الذين آمنوا شهادة بينكم إذا حضر أحدكم الموت} قال برئ منها الناس غيري وغير عدي بن بداء وكانا نصرانيين يختلفان إلى الشام قبل الإسلام فأتيا الشام لتجارتهما وقدم عليهما مولى لبني هاشم يقال له بديل بن أبي مريم بتجارة ومعه جام من فضة يريد به الملك وهو عظم تجارته فمرض فأوصى إليهما وأمرهما أن يبلغا ما ترك أهله قال تميم فلما مات أخذنا ذلك الجام فبعناه بألف درهم ثم اقتسمناه أنا وعدي بن بداء فلما قدمنا إلى أهله دفعنا إليهم ما كان معنا وفقدوا الجام فسألونا عنه فقلنا ما ترك غير هذا وما دفع إلينا غيره قال تميم فلما أسلمت بعد قدوم رسول الله ﷺ المدينة تأثمت من ذلك فأتيت أهله فأخبرتهم الخبر وأديت إليهم خمس مائة درهم وأخبرتهم أن عند صاحبي مثلها فأتوا به رسول الله ﷺ فسألهم البينة فلم يجدوا فأمرهم أن يستحلفوه بما يقطع به على أهل دينه فحلف فأنزل الله {يا أيها الذين آمنوا شهادة بينكم إذا حضر أحدكم الموت} إلى قوله {أو يخافوا أن ترد أيمان بعد أيمانهم} فقام عمرو بن العاص ورجل آخر فحلفا فنزعت الخمس مائة درهم من عدي بن بداء