I saw Ibn Umar sitting on the paved courtyard while the people were praying. I asked, "Abu Abdul-Rahman, why are you not praying?"He replied, "I have already prayed. I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'A prayer is not to be repeated twice in one day.'"
أخبرنا إبراهيم بن محمد التيمي قال حدثنا يحيى بن سعيد عن حسين المعلم عن عمرو بن شعيب
رأيت ابن عمر جالسا على البلاط والناس يصلون قلت يا أبا عبد الرحمن ما لك لا تصلي قال إني قد صليت إني سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول لا تعاد الصلاة في يوم مرتين
[Its isnad is sahih] Abu Dawud reported it in the Book of Prayer, chapter "If he prays in a congregation then finds another congregation, he repeats the prayer," hadith 579, from the hadith of Husayn al-Muallim, with the same wording, and it is in al-Kubra, hadith 933. Ibn Khuzayma graded it sahih, hadith 1641, as did Ibn Hibban, hadith 432, and others.