Abu Bakr wrote to them, "These are the obligations of the obligatory charity which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made binding upon the Muslims, which Allah commanded His Messenger ﷺ to impose. Whoever among the Muslims is asked for it in the proper manner should give it, and whoever is asked for more than that should not give it.For fewer than twenty-five camels, a sheep is due for every five camels. When the number reaches twenty-five, up to thirty-five, a one-year-old female camel is due. If a one-year-old female camel is not available, then a two-year-old male camel may be given.When the number reaches thirty-six, up to forty-five, a two-year-old female camel is due.When the number reaches forty-six, up to sixty, a three-year-old female camel that is ready to be mated by the male is due.When the number reaches sixty-one, up to seventy-five, a four-year-old female camel is due.When the number reaches seventy-six, up to ninety, two two-year-old female camels are due.When the number reaches ninety-one, up to one hundred and twenty, two three-year-old female camels ready to be mated by the male are due.When the number exceeds one hundred and twenty, then for every forty a two-year-old female camel is due, and for every fifty a three-year-old female camel is due.When the ages of camels differ in the obligations of charity, whoever owes a four-year-old female camel as charity but does not have one, while he has a three-year-old female camel, the three-year-old shall be accepted from him along with two sheep if he can easily provide them, or twenty dirhams.Whoever owes a three-year-old female camel as charity but does not have one, while he has a four-year-old female camel, the four-year-old shall be accepted from him, and the collector shall pay him twenty dirhams or two sheep if he can easily provide them.Whoever owes a three-year-old female camel as charity but does not have one, while he has a two-year-old female camel, the two-year-old shall be accepted from him along with two sheep if he can easily provide them, or twenty dirhams.Whoever owes a two-year-old female camel as charity but has only a three-year-old female camel, it shall be accepted from him, and the collector shall pay him twenty dirhams or two sheep.Whoever owes a two-year-old female camel as charity but does not have one, while he has a one-year-old female camel, the one-year-old shall be accepted from him along with two sheep if he can easily provide them, or twenty dirhams.Whoever owes a one-year-old female camel as charity but has only a two-year-old male camel, it shall be accepted from him without anything additional.Whoever has only four camels owes nothing on them, unless their owner wishes to give something.Concerning the charity on freely grazing sheep, when they reach forty, up to one hundred and twenty, one sheep is due. If they exceed that by one, two sheep are due, up to two hundred. If they exceed that by one, three sheep are due, up to three hundred. Beyond that, one sheep is due for every additional hundred.No aged animal, no defective animal, and no male goat may be taken as charity, unless the collector chooses to take it. What is separated must not be combined, and what is combined must not be separated, out of fear of the charity obligation. Whatever belongs to two partners is to be settled equitably between them.If a man's freely grazing flock falls short of forty by one sheep, nothing is due on it, unless its owner wishes to give something.Concerning silver, one quarter of a tenth is due. If a person has only one hundred and ninety dirhams, nothing is due on it, unless its owner wishes to give something."
أخبرنا محمد بن عبد الله بن المبارك قال حدثنا المظفر بن مدرك أبو كامل قال حدثنا حماد بن سلمة قال أخذت هذا الكتاب من ثمامة بن عبد الله بن أنس بن مالك
أن أبا بكر كتب لهم إن هذه فرائض الصدقة التي فرض رسول الله ﷺ على المسلمين التي أمر الله عز وجل بها رسوله ﷺ فمن سئلها من المسلمين على وجهها فليعط ومن سئل فوق ذلك فلا يعط فيما دون خمس وعشرين من الإبل في كل خمس ذود شاة فإذا بلغت خمسا وعشرين ففيها بنت مخاض إلى خمس وثلاثين فإن لم تكن بنت مخاض فابن لبون ذكر فإذا بلغت ستا وثلاثين ففيها بنت لبون إلى خمس وأربعين فإذا بلغت ستة وأربعين ففيها حقة طروقة الفحل إلى ستين فإذا بلغت إحدى وستين ففيها جذعة إلى خمس وسبعين فإذا بلغت ستا وسبعين ففيها بنتا لبون إلى تسعين فإذا بلغت إحدى وتسعين ففيها حقتان طروقتا الفحل إلى عشرين ومائة فإذا زادت على عشرين ومائة ففي كل أربعين بنت لبون وفي كل خمسين حقة فإذا تباين أسنان الإبل في فرائض الصدقات فمن بلغت عنده صدقة الجذعة وليست عنده جذعة وعنده حقة فإنها تقبل منه الحقة ويجعل معها شاتين إن استيسرتا له أو عشرين درهما ومن بلغت عنده صدقة الحقة وليست عنده حقة وعنده جذعة فإنها تقبل منه ويعطيه المصدق عشرين درهما أو شاتين إن استيسرتا له ومن بلغت عنده صدقة الحقة وليست عنده وعنده بنت لبون فإنها تقبل منه ويجعل معها شاتين إن استيسرتا له أو عشرين درهما ومن بلغت عنده صدقة ابنة لبون وليست عنده إلا حقة فإنها تقبل منه ويعطيه المصدق عشرين درهما أو شاتين ومن بلغت عنده صدقة ابنة لبون وليست عنده بنت لبون وعنده بنت مخاض فإنها تقبل منه ويجعل معها شاتين إن استيسرتا له أو عشرين درهما ومن بلغت عنده صدقة ابنة مخاض وليس عنده إلا ابن لبون ذكر فإنه يقبل منه وليس معه شيء ومن لم يكن عنده إلا أربع من الإبل فليس فيها شيء إلا أن يشاء ربها وفي صدقة الغنم في سائمتها إذا كانت أربعين ففيها شاة إلى عشرين ومائة فإذا زادت واحدة ففيها شاتان إلى مائتين فإذا زادت واحدة ففيها ثلاث شياه إلى ثلاث مائة فإذا زادت ففي كل مائة شاة ولا يؤخذ في الصدقة هرمة ولا ذات عوار ولا تيس الغنم إلا أن يشاء المصدق ولا يجمع بين متفرق ولا يفرق بين مجتمع خشية الصدقة وما كان من خليطين فإنهما يتراجعان بينهما بالسوية فإذا كانت سائمة الرجل ناقصة من أربعين شاة واحدة فليس فيها شيء إلا أن يشاء ربها وفي الرقة ربع العشر فإن لم تكن إلا تسعين ومائة درهم فليس فيها شيء إلا أن يشاء ربها
Reference Bukhari narrated it, Zakat, chapter on giving goods in payment of zakat, no. 1448, from the hadith of Thumamah, and it is also in Kubra, no. 2227.