Malik bin Aws bin Hadathan informed me of this, after Muhammad bin Jubayr bin Mutim had mentioned to me a portion of his account. So I set out and went in to see Malik bin Aws and questioned him.Malik said, I set out to go in to Umar when his doorkeeper Yarfa came to him and said, "Would you receive Uthman, Abdul-Rahman, Zubayr, and Saad? They are asking permission to enter."Umar said, "Yes."So he admitted them. They came in, greeted him, and sat down. Then Yarfa waited a little and said to Umar, "Would you receive Ali and Abbas?"Umar said, "Yes."He admitted them both, and when they entered they greeted him and sat down.Abbas said, "Commander of the Faithful, judge between me and this man."The group, Uthman and his companions, said, "Commander of the Faithful, judge between them and give each of them relief from the other."Umar said, "Take your time. I ask you by Allah, by whom the heavens and the earth are sustained, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'We are not inherited from. What we leave behind is charity,' meaning himself?"The group said, "He said that."Then Umar turned to Ali and Abbas and said, "I ask you both by Allah, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that?"They said, "He said that."Umar said, "Then let me tell you about this matter. Allah had singled out His Messenger ﷺ with something from this wealth that He gave to no one else. Allah said, 'And what Allah restored to His Messenger from them, you spurred toward it neither horse nor camel' up to His words 'Allah is capable of all things' [Hashr 59:6]. This was exclusively for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Yet by Allah, he did not hoard it away from you, nor did he keep it for himself at your expense. He gave it to you and distributed it among you until only this portion of the property remained. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to take from this property the yearly maintenance of his family, then take what was left and place it where the wealth of Allah is placed. This is how the Messenger of Allah ﷺ handled it throughout his life. I ask you by Allah, do you know this?"They said, "Yes."He said to Ali and Abbas, "I ask you both by Allah, do you know this?"They said, "Yes."Umar continued, "Then Allah took His Prophet ﷺ, and Abu Bakr said, 'I am the successor of the Messenger of Allah.' So Abu Bakr took charge of it and handled it exactly as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had handled it. And you two at that time," and he turned to Ali and Abbas, "claimed that Abu Bakr was such and such, while Allah knows that in this he was truthful, upright, rightly guided, and a follower of the truth.Then Allah took Abu Bakr, and I said, 'I am the successor of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and of Abu Bakr.' So I took charge of it for two years, handling it as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr had handled it. Then the two of you came to me, speaking with one voice, your affair united. You," addressing Abbas, "came asking me for your share from your nephew, and this one came asking me for his wife's share from her father.I said, 'If you wish, I will hand it over to you on condition that you take upon yourselves the covenant of Allah and His pledge that you will handle it as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ handled it, as Abu Bakr handled it, and as I have handled it since I took charge of it. Otherwise, do not speak to me about it.'You said, 'Hand it over to us on those terms.' So I handed it over to you on those terms. I ask you by Allah, did I not hand it over to them on those terms?"The group said, "Yes."Then he turned to Ali and Abbas and said, "I ask you both by Allah, did I not hand it over to you on those terms?"They said, "Yes."He said, "Do you now seek from me some judgment other than that? By Him whose permission sustains the heavens and the earth, I will give no judgment concerning it other than that until the Hour comes. If you are unable to manage it, then hand it back and I will take care of it for you."
حدثنا سعيد بن عفير قال حدثني الليث قال حدثني عقيل
أخبرني مالك بن أوس بن الحدثان وكان محمد بن جبير بن مطعم ذكر لي ذكرا من حديثه فانطلقت حتى دخلت على مالك بن أوس فسألته فقال مالك انطلقت حتى أدخل على عمر إذ أتاه حاجبه يرفا فقال هل لك في عثمان وعبد الرحمن والزبير وسعد يستأذنون قال نعم فأذن لهم قال فدخلوا وسلموا فجلسوا ثم لبث يرفا قليلا فقال لعمر هل لك في علي وعباس قال نعم فأذن لهما فلما دخلا سلما وجلسا فقال عباس يا أمير المؤمنين اقض بيني وبين هذا فقال الرهط عثمان وأصحابه يا أمير المؤمنين اقض بينهما وأرح أحدهما من الآخر فقال عمر اتئدوا أنشدكم بالله الذي به تقوم السماء والأرض هل تعلمون أن رسول الله ﷺ قال لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة يريد رسول الله ﷺ نفسه قال الرهط قد قال ذلك فأقبل عمر على علي وعباس فقال أنشدكما بالله هل تعلمان أن رسول الله ﷺ قال ذلك قالا قد قال ذلك قال عمر فإني أحدثكم عن هذا الأمر إن الله كان قد خص رسوله ﷺ في هذا المال بشيء لم يعطه أحدا غيره قال الله {ما أفاء الله على رسوله منهم فما أوجفتم عليه من خيل} إلى قوله {قدير} فكانت هذه خالصة لرسول الله ﷺ والله ما احتازها دونكم ولا استأثر بها عليكم لقد أعطاكموها وبثها فيكم حتى بقي منها هذا المال فكان رسول الله ﷺ ينفق على أهله نفقة سنتهم من هذا المال ثم يأخذ ما بقي فيجعله مجعل مال الله فعمل بذلك رسول الله ﷺ حياته أنشدكم بالله هل تعلمون ذلك قالوا نعم قال لعلي وعباس أنشدكما بالله هل تعلمان ذلك قالا نعم ثم توفى الله نبيه ﷺ فقال أبو بكر أنا ولي رسول الله فقبضها أبو بكر يعمل فيها بما عمل به فيها رسول الله ﷺ وأنتما حينئذ وأقبل على علي وعباس تزعمان أن أبا بكر كذا وكذا والله يعلم أنه فيها صادق بار راشد تابع للحق ثم توفى الله أبا بكر فقلت أنا ولي رسول الله ﷺ وأبي بكر فقبضتها سنتين أعمل فيها بما عمل رسول الله ﷺ وأبو بكر ثم جئتماني وكلمتكما واحدة وأمركما جميع جئتني تسألني نصيبك من ابن أخيك وأتى هذا يسألني نصيب امرأته من أبيها فقلت إن شئتما دفعته إليكما على أن عليكما عهد الله وميثاقه لتعملان فيها بما عمل به رسول الله ﷺ وبما عمل به فيها أبو بكر وبما عملت به فيها منذ وليتها وإلا فلا تكلماني فيها فقلتما ادفعها إلينا بذلك فدفعتها إليكما بذلك أنشدكم بالله هل دفعتها إليهما بذلك فقال الرهط نعم قال فأقبل على علي وعباس فقال أنشدكما بالله هل دفعتها إليكما بذلك قالا نعم قال أفتلتمسان مني قضاء غير ذلك فوالذي بإذنه تقوم السماء والأرض لا أقضي فيها قضاء غير ذلك حتى تقوم الساعة فإن عجزتما عنها فادفعاها فأنا أكفيكماها