Abu Hazim reported,

A man came to Sahl bin Saad and said, "So-and-so, the governor of Medina, is cursing Ali from the pulpit."Sahl asked, "What does he call him?"The man replied, "He calls him Abu Turab."Sahl laughed and said, "By Allah, no one gave him that name except the Prophet ﷺ, and no name was dearer to him than it."I was eager to hear more of the story from Sahl, so I said, "Abu Abbas, how did that come about?"He said, Ali went in to see Fatimah, then came out and lay down in the mosque. The Prophet ﷺ asked Fatimah, "Where is your cousin?"She answered, "In the mosque."So he went out to him and found that his cloak had slipped off his back and dust had reached his skin. The Prophet ﷺ began wiping the dust off his back, saying, "Sit up, Abu Turab. Sit up, Abu Turab."

Bukhari 3703

Sahih

حدثنا عبد الله بن مسلمة حدثنا

عبد العزيز بن أبي حازم عن أبيه

أن رجلا جاء إلى سهل بن سعد فقال هذا فلان لأمير المدينة يدعو عليا عند المنبر قال فيقول ماذا قال يقول له أبو تراب فضحك قال والله ما سماه إلا النبي ﷺ وما كان له اسم أحب إليه منه فاستطعمت الحديث سهلا وقلت يا أبا عباس كيف ذلك قال دخل علي على فاطمة ثم خرج فاضطجع في المسجد فقال النبي ﷺ أين ابن عمك قالت في المسجد فخرج إليه فوجد رداءه قد سقط عن ظهره وخلص التراب إلى ظهره فجعل يمسح التراب عن ظهره فيقول اجلس يا أبا تراب مرتين

البخاري 3703صحيح
Contents
Reference
Commentary
Ayat
Collection
Sahih Bukhari
Book
Virtues of the companions of the Prophet ﷺ
Chapter
Virtues of Ali bin Abu Talib Qurashi Hashimi, Abu Hasan, may Allah be pleased with him
Numbering
Darussalam 3703
Bukhari 3703